Disciplinary Proceedings Against Dade
2007 WI 66, 301 Wis.2d 67, 732 N.W.2d 433 (2007)
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ATTORNEY disciplinary
proceeding. Attorney's license
suspended.
¶1 PER CURIAM. We review the
referee's recommendation that the license
of Attorney John R. Dade be suspended for a
period of 60 days and that he be required,
as a condition of the reinstatement of his
license, to make "a satisfactory showing to
the OLR [Office of Lawyer Regulation] that
he has obtained appropriate CLE [continuing
legal education] credits in the area of
office management and ethics."
¶2 Based upon our independent review
of the matter, we adopt the referee's
findings of fact and conclusions of law.
We also agree with the referee's
recommendation for a 60-day suspension of
Attorney Dade's license to practice law in
this state. We decline, however, to impose
the reinstatement condition requested by
the OLR and recommended by the referee.
Finally, we determine that Attorney Dade
should be required to pay the full costs of
this disciplinary proceeding, which were
$3875.20, as of January 17, 2007.
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¶3 Attorney Dade was admitted to the
practice of law in Wisconsin in 1983 and
has been engaged in private practice in
Whitewater. In 1991, he received a private
reprimand for failing to keep a client
reasonably informed about the status of a
matter, for failing to act with reasonable
diligence and for failing to cooperate with
the investigation of the Board of Attorneys
Professional Responsibility.
¶4 The OLR, by appointed counsel,
filed a four-count complaint against
Attorney Dade on October 27, 2005. The
relevant facts alleged in the complaint are
summarized below.
¶5 Count 1 involved Attorney Dade's
failure to provide information to the OLR.
During an investigation concerning a
grievance filed by M.F., the OLR requested
Attorney Dade to provide certain additional
information and documents. Attorney Dade
did not respond to the OLR within the
requested time period. The OLR then sent
another letter, by both certified and first-
class mail, seeking a response and
reminding Attorney Dade of his obligation
to cooperate. When Attorney Dade signed
for the certified letter but did not
respond, the OLR personally served Attorney
Dade with yet another letter. Attorney
Dade still did not respond.
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¶6 The OLR then filed a motion for the
temporary suspension of Attorney Dade's
license. After this court issued an order
to Attorney Dade to show cause why his
license should not be temporarily
suspended, he finally submitted his
response to the OLR's request for
information. He also submitted a separate
letter to the court acknowledging that his
failure to respond to the OLR's requests
could be deemed misconduct under SCR 22.03
(6).
¶7 The OLR subsequently requested
further information from Attorney Dade, but
he again did not respond. After the OLR
referred the matter to a district committee
for further investigation, Attorney Dade
did cooperate with that committee.
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¶8 The OLR's complaint alleged that
Attorney Dade's multiple failures to
provide written responses to the OLR's
requests for supplemental information had
violated SCR 22.03(6), thereby also
violating SCR 20:8.4(f).
¶9 Count 2 related to Attorney Dade's
representation of E.D. On July 3, 2001,
Attorney Dade was appointed by the circuit
court to represent E.D. in connection with
charges of three counts of felony failure
to pay child support following her 1997
divorce. The state alleged that E.D. was
behind in her support payments by over
$35,000. On July 5, 2001, E.D. informed
Attorney Dade that at her final divorce
hearing, the circuit court had ordered her
to pay 29 percent of her income as child
support, but only if she was employed.
¶10 Attorney Dade represented E.D. at a
hearing before a family court commissioner
on July 6, 2001. At that hearing the
commissioner determined that the amount of
the child support arrearages had to be
recalculated and scheduled a further
hearing on the subject for October 2001.
¶11 Following the hearing, Attorney
Dade told E.D. that he would review the
court's divorce file, locate the court
reporter for the final hearing in the
divorce action, and then discuss the
criminal charges with the district
attorney. Although Attorney Dade believed
that there were some child support
arrearages, the OLR's complaint alleged
that he did not investigate the true amount
of the arrearages or obtain a copy of the
transcript of the final divorce hearing.
¶12 Attorney Dade, on E.D.'s behalf,
subsequently negotiated a plea agreement
with the state that provided that if E.D.
pled guilty to two of the three pending
felony counts, the parties would jointly
recommend that the court impose no jail
time or fine, place E.D. on two years of
probation, and require her to pay her child
support obligations.
¶13 A plea and sentencing hearing was
scheduled for July 16, 2001. Prior to the
hearing, E.D. and her parents met with
Attorney Dade to discuss her case and the
plea agreement. E.D. again claimed that
the divorce hearing transcript would show
that she did not owe any child support.
Attorney Dade responded that pursuing the
matter and obtaining the transcript would
take some time and would be expensive. He
said that he could probably obtain a copy
of the transcript for $200.
¶14 Because E.D. wanted to return to
Texas as soon as possible, she chose to
proceed with the plea agreement. At the
plea hearing, the circuit court accepted
E.D.'s guilty pleas to two felonies,
withheld sentence, and placed E.D. on
probation for two years.
¶15 E.D. subsequently obtained the
divorce hearing transcript on her own for
$27.71. The transcript showed that E.D.
was not obligated to pay child support
while she was unemployed.
¶16 E.D. asked Attorney Dade to
represent her at the October 2001 hearing
before the family court commissioner.
Attorney Dade agreed to do so and appeared
at the hearing. Because of some confusion
over the support issue, the hearing was
continued until December 6, 2001. At that
hearing, the child support agency agreed to
reduce the arrears from over $35,000 to
$17,000. Attorney Dade subsequently was
able to negotiate the arrearage amount to
$9000, but E.D. refused to stipulate to
that amount because she believed that she
owed only approximately $5000. Attorney
Dade promised to file a motion to reduce
the child support arrearage, but he never
did so.
¶17 Over the ensuing months, Attorney
Dade negotiated an agreement with E.D.'s
former husband, who agreed to terminate all
of E.D.'s child support arrears and to
declare their youngest child to be
emancipated. A stipulation was executed in
late August 2002 and approved by the family
court on September 6, 2002.
¶18 During late August, Attorney Dade
told E.D. that after the family court
matter was resolved in a couple of weeks,
he would get the felony convictions against
her reversed. He did not, however, take
any steps toward that goal.
¶19 E.D. believed that if Attorney Dade
had pursued her claim that her divorce
hearing transcript did not obligate her to
pay child support while she was unemployed,
she would have been convicted of at most
misdemeanors, instead of the two felonies
of which she was actually convicted.
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¶20 The OLR's complaint alleged that
these facts concerning the representation
of E.D. showed that Attorney Dade had
failed to act with reasonable diligence and
promptness in representing a client,
contrary to SCR 20:1.3.
¶21 Counts 3 and 4 of the complaint
relate to Attorney Dade's representation of
W.V. in the sale of six parcels of real
estate. According to the complaint, after
W.V. orally agreed to sell the six parcels
to D.A. for $5756.53, Attorney Dade drafted
a single page document containing a sales
agreement, a closing statement and a
buyer's settlement statement. Attorney
Dade then drafted warranty deeds
transferring each of the parcels to D.A.
and his wife. In exchange for W.V.
executing the warranty deeds, D.A. paid
$5756.53 into Attorney Dade's trust account.
¶22 The sales agreement drafted by
Attorney Dade and entered into by the
parties provided that W.V. was to pay from
the sales proceeds any real estate taxes
that were due (with the exception of the
2003 taxes) and any lake association fees
that were due. W.V. had represented to
Attorney Dade and D.A. that the sales
proceeds would be sufficient to make these
payments. At the closing of the
transaction, Attorney Dade stated that he
would pay the property taxes for 2001-02
and the lake association dues out of the
sales proceeds in his client trust account.
¶23 Prior to determining the actual
amounts of taxes and lake association fees,
Attorney Dade disbursed $600 of the sales
proceeds in his trust account to W.V.
Attorney Dade also disbursed funds from
W.V.'s trust account funds to make payments
to the lake association and to make some
real estate tax payments. Attorney Dade's
tax payments on W.V.'s behalf, however, did
not cover all of the delinquent taxes due
on the six pieces of property. There
remained an outstanding property tax
balance on those parcels of $1485.97.
¶24 In February 2003, Attorney Dade
disbursed $515 to an individual that W.V.
had designated, $900 to his law office, and
$800 to W.V. himself. If Attorney Dade had
used these trust account funds to pay the
delinquent taxes, they would have been
sufficient to cover the entire outstanding
tax balance on the properties, as required
by the sales agreement and as Attorney Dade
had represented he would do.
¶25 In addition, neither Attorney Dade
nor W.V. recorded the warranty deeds for
the six parcels with the register of
deeds. They also did not complete
Wisconsin Transfer Tax Returns and pay the
appropriate transfer tax fees.
¶26 In March 2003 and May 2004,
Attorney Dade issued additional checks out
of his trust account debited against W.V.'s
account. One of the checks was payable to
W.V., and one was payable to a police
department as a "cash bond" for W.V.
¶27 In the end, Attorney Dade disbursed
to various payees more funds from his trust
account than the proceeds from the sale of
the properties. Because of funds belonging
to W.V. that had been previously deposited
into Attorney Dade's client trust account,
approximately $105.63 in funds belonging to
W.V. remain in Attorney Dade's trust
account. This is not sufficient to pay the
remaining delinquent property taxes for the
six parcels, the relevant recording fees
for the warranty deeds, and the relevant
transfer taxes.
¶28 In September 2004, the buyer of the
properties, D.A., filed a grievance against
Attorney Dade. On October 15, 2004, the
OLR mailed a copy of the grievance to
Attorney Dade and instructed him to respond
by November 8, 2004. Attorney Dade did not
submit a response. The OLR sent additional
letters to Attorney Dade by certified mail
and personal service that directed him to
submit a written response to the
grievance. Attorney Dade still did not
respond. The OLR then filed a motion for a
temporary suspension of Attorney Dade's
license and this court issued an order to
show cause on January 21, 2005. When
Attorney Dade did not respond to the order,
the court temporarily suspended his license
to practice law on March 8, 2005. On March
17, 2005, Dade finally submitted his
response to the grievance. Based on the
OLR's request, the court reinstated
Attorney Dade's license on March 29, 2005.
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¶29 On the basis of these facts, the
OLR's complaint alleged that by making
payments to himself, to his client and to
others designated by his client while the
buyer of the properties had an interest in
the use of those trust account funds to pay
outstanding property taxes, recording fees
and transfer taxes, Attorney Dade had
failed to hold in trust the property of
others in his client trust account, in
violation of former SCR 20:1.15(a) and
former SCR 20:1.15(d). The complaint also
alleged that Attorney Dade's failure to
submit a written response to the grievance
and to respond to the OLR's continued
requests for information had violated SCR
22.03(2) and SCR 22.03(6), thereby also
violating SCR 20:8.4(f).
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¶30 Attorney Dade's answer admitted
essentially all of the relevant facts in
Count 1 (M.F. grievance) and Counts 3 and 4
(D.A. grievance). The answer also admitted
that he had committed the violations of the
Rules of Professional Conduct alleged in
those counts.
¶31 With respect to the E.D.
representation addressed in Count 2,
Attorney Dade admitted some of the factual
allegations, but denied a number of key
factual allegations and denied that he had
failed to act with reasonable diligence and
promptness, as required by SCR 20:1.3.
Essentially, Attorney Dade asserted that
his original duties to E.D. were generally
limited to the defense of the criminal case
because he had been appointed to represent
her in that case by the circuit court,
although he acknowledged that his
representation of E.D. at the July 6, 2001
hearing before the family court
commissioner was a necessary part of the
defense of the criminal action. He claimed
that prior to E.D. agreeing to the plea
agreement offered by the state, he did
review the court file in the prior divorce
action, which contradicted E.D.'s claim
that she had not been required to pay child
support as long as she remained unemployed
and that there was no deadline for her to
become employed. Attorney Dade also
alleged that E.D. knowingly and voluntarily
pled guilty to the two felony counts,
apparently because she viewed the plea
agreement as a means by which she could
immediately return to Texas. Attorney Dade
further asserted that E.D. was aware that
his original representation of her
terminated following the entry of her
guilty pleas and the imposition of her
sentence in the criminal case. He claimed
that the reference to the $200 amount was
not only to obtain the transcript, but to
review it and provide legal advice.
Finally, although he admitted not filing a
motion to reverse the felony convictions,
he asserted that he told E.D. that she
needed to pay his outstanding attorney fees
in the family court matter before he would
take steps toward reopening her criminal
case.
¶32 Reserve Judge William Eich was
appointed as the referee. Judge Eich held
a disciplinary hearing on August 30, 2006.
He heard testimony from E.D., D.A., and
Attorney Dade, and received 9 exhibits into
evidence. At the conclusion of the
hearing, Judge Eich established a schedule
for the parties to submit post-hearing
briefs. Attorney Dade did not file any
brief.
¶33 The OLR's post-hearing brief, in
addition to discussing the evidence,
requested that the referee recommend a 60-
day suspension as the appropriate level of
discipline. The OLR also requested that
the referee recommend that this court
require as a condition of reinstatement
that Attorney Dade provide a satisfactory
showing to the OLR that he had obtained
approved CLE credits dealing with office
management and ethics. The OLR's brief did
not explain the rationale for this
condition of reinstatement or cite any
authority for it.
¶34 The referee's report adopted the
allegations in the OLR's complaint in their
entirety as his findings of fact and
conclusions of law. Noting the private
reprimand that Attorney Dade had received
in 1991 was for similar conduct, the
referee concluded that a 60-day suspension
of Attorney Dade's license was appropriate
here. The referee also recommended
imposing the reinstatement condition
suggested by the OLR.
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¶35 When reviewing a referee's report
and recommendation, we affirm the referee's
findings of fact unless they are clearly
erroneous. See In re Disciplinary
Proceedings Against Sosnay, 209 Wis. 2d
241, 243, 562 N.W.2d 137 (1997). We review
the referee's conclusions of law on a de
novo basis. See In re Disciplinary
Proceedings Against Carroll, 2001 WI 130,
¶29, 248 Wis. 2d 662, 636 N.W.2d 718. We
determine the appropriate level of
discipline given the particular facts of
each case, independent of the referee's
recommendation, but benefiting from it.
See In re Disciplinary Proceedings
Against Widule, 2003 WI 34, ¶44, 261 Wis.
2d 45, 660 N.W.2d 686.
¶36 After having reviewed the record
here and in light of Attorney Dade's choice
not to challenge the referee's factual
findings, we adopt the referee's findings
of fact and his conclusions of law that
Attorney Dade committed the ethical
violations alleged in the four counts of
the complaint. Given those findings, we
conclude that Attorney Dade's professional
misconduct requires that his license to
practice law in this state be suspended for
a period of 60 days. Moreover, given that
Attorney Dade has not objected to the
statement of costs filed by the OLR, we
determine that he should be required to pay
the full amount of costs in this
disciplinary proceeding.
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¶37 We do not, however, impose the
condition of reinstatement recommended by
the OLR and the referee. While we have the
authority to impose reinstatement
conditions if doing so is necessary in a
particular case, we generally have not
imposed reinstatement conditions on
disciplinary suspensions that are shorter
than six months and that do not require the
full reinstatement process contained in SCR
22.29-.33.
¶38 Moreover, the recommended condition
here is vague and does not appear to be
tied to the professional misconduct in this
case. The recommended condition would
require Attorney Dade to make
a "satisfactory showing" of CLE credits on
office management and ethics, but does not
indicate how many credits must be obtained
and what subjects the credits should
address. Neither Attorney Dade, nor the
OLR, nor this court, will have a sufficient
basis to determine whether Attorney Dade
has done enough to make such
a "satisfactory showing." In
addition, "office management" is a broad
and ambiguous term. It is also unclear how
a course in supervising employees or time
management, both of which could be
considered to fall within "office
management," would deter future misconduct
of the type that occurred here.
Consequently, we conclude that Attorney
Dade should be required simply to comply
with the standard process for reinstatement
following a suspension that is less than
six months. See SCR 22.28(2).
¶39 IT IS ORDERED that the license of
Attorney John R. Dade to practice law in
Wisconsin is suspended for a period of 60
days, effective July 13, 2007.
¶40 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that within
60 days of the date of this order, Attorney
John R. Dade shall pay to the Office of
Lawyer Regulation the costs of this
proceeding. If the costs are not paid
within the time specified and absent a
showing to this court of his inability to
pay those costs within that time, the
license of Attorney Dade to practice law in
Wisconsin shall remain suspended until
further order of the court.
¶41 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Attorney
John R. Dade shall comply with the
provisions of SCR 22.26 concerning the
duties of a person whose license to
practice law in Wisconsin has been
suspended.
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