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ATTORNEY disciplinary
proceeding. Attorney's license
suspended.
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¶1 PER CURIAM. Attorney Thomas J.
Molinaro has appealed that portion of a
referee's report concluding that the Office
of Lawyer Regulation (OLR) met its burden of
proof as to 8 of the 13 counts of misconduct
alleged in the OLR's complaint. The issues
raised in Attorney Molinaro's appeal are
whether there is a sufficient basis to
support the referee's findings of fact and
conclusions of law as to the eight counts of
misconduct; assuming that this court
concludes that Attorney Molinaro did engage
in misconduct, what is the appropriate
sanction; and should Attorney Molinaro be
required to pay the full costs of the
proceeding? The OLR has filed a cross-
appeal raising two issues: whether there is
a sufficient basis to support the referee's
findings and conclusion that the OLR failed
to meet its burden of proof as to count 10
of the complaint, and whether Attorney
Molinaro should be required to make
restitution to his client, R.M., in the
amount of $9,630.
¶2 We conclude that the referee's
findings of fact with respect to the total
amount of the settlement in R.M.'s personal
injury case, and the amount of attorney fees
to which Attorney Molinaro was entitled out
of the R.M. settlement are clearly
erroneous. We uphold the remainder of the
referee's findings of fact and corresponding
conclusions of law, including the findings
and conclusions as to count 10 of the
complaint. We also conclude that the
appropriate sanction for Attorney Molinaro's
misconduct is a 60-day suspension of his
license to practice law in Wisconsin.
Finally, we conclude that this case presents
extraordinary circumstances warranting a
reduction in the amount of costs imposed.
¶3 Attorney Molinaro was admitted to
practice law in Wisconsin in 1979. He has
been a general practitioner in the Wausau
area throughout his legal career. He has no
previous disciplinary history. Prior to
2001 Attorney Molinaro earned a relatively
modest income from his law practice.
¶4 In 2002 Attorney Molinaro
represented J.K. in a workplace injury case
that occurred in Indiana. Attorney Molinaro
retained an Indiana attorney to act as local
counsel. J.K.'s case was settled for $1.1
million. J.K. subsequently filed a
grievance against Attorney Molinaro. In the
course of investigating J.K.'s grievance,
the OLR audited Attorney Molinaro's trust
and business accounts. The audit turned up
what the OLR viewed as improprieties in
Attorney Molinaro's handling of the
settlement in R.M.'s case. Attorney
Molinaro settled R.M.'s case for $1.4
million in the spring of 2001. R.M. had
signed a contingent fee agreement on
September 3, 1996, which provided, "In the
event damages are recovered by settlement or
trial and before notice of appeal is served,
[Attorney Molinaro] is to receive 33 1/3
percent of the amount paid." The OLR's
investigation into Attorney Molinaro's
handling of J.K.'s and R.M.'s cases and its
auditing of his accounts lasted for 30
months prior to the matter being referred to
the preliminary review committee.
¶5 On April 18, 2007, the OLR filed a
complaint alleging 13 counts of misconduct
against Attorney Molinaro. The first four
counts arose out of his representation of
J.K. The complaint alleged that Attorney
Molinaro failed to act with reasonable
diligence and promptness in representing
J.K.; failed to abide by J.K.'s decisions
concerning the objective of the
representation; failed to take steps to
protect J.K.'s interests; and represented
J.K. although the representation may have
been materially limited by Attorney
Molinaro's own interests.
¶6 The OLR's complaint also alleged
that Attorney Molinaro settled R.M.'s
personal injury case for $1.085 million plus
an additional $215,000 in structured
settlement proceeds for R.M.'s minor
children. The complaint alleged that
pursuant to the written fee agreement,
Attorney Molinaro was entitled to attorney
fees of $361,666, which was one-third of the
$1.085 million settlement. The complaint
also alleged the minor settlement approved
by the circuit court provided that the
defendants in the case would pay Attorney
Molinaro $90,000 for his attorney fees and
costs in the minors' case. According to the
complaint, this would bring the fee to which
Attorney Molinaro was entitled up to
$451,666.
¶7 The complaint alleged that on May
17, 2001, Attorney Molinaro deposited two
checks totaling $1.175 million (consisting
of the $1.085 million settlement and
Attorney Molinaro's $90,000 fee for the
minors' settlement) into a new savings
account Attorney Molinaro opened that day in
the name of his law firm at Marathon Savings
Bank ("Marathon Account"). The complaint
alleged although the checks were made
payable to Attorney Molinaro's trust account
and the majority of the funds belonged to
R.M., the account was not identified as a
trust account nor did R.M.'s name appear on
the account. The complaint alleged the full
$1.175 million, including R.M.'s share of
the money, and Attorney Molinaro's attorney
fees, remained commingled in the account
from May 17, 2001, through July 3, 2001.
The account earned interest at a rate
varying between 2.25 percent and 2.75
percent.
¶8 The complaint alleged that on July
3, 2001, Attorney Molinaro transferred
$950,000 of the R.M. settlement funds from
the Marathon Account to his business
checking account at Firstar Bank. The
complaint alleged that on July 5, 2001, a
$470,000 business account check was written
to R.M.'s power of attorney from Attorney
Molinaro's business account. On July 18,
2001, a business account check was written
to an expert witness for $2,409.50. These
two disbursements left a balance in the
business checking account of $477,590.50
from the R.M. transfer. The complaint
alleged Attorney Molinaro retained this
balance as payment of his attorney fees and
costs, and he did not prepare a settlement
statement or provide an accounting to R.M.
reflecting the amount of the fees and costs.
¶9 The complaint alleged that prior to
the time of the R.M. settlement, Attorney
Molinaro had maintained individual client
ledgers for R.M. and other clients that
recorded trust account transactions,
incurred fees and costs, and payments
received from each client. The complaint
alleged no entries were made on R.M.'s
individual client ledger reflecting receipt
of the $1.085 million settlement, nor were
entries made regarding payment of Attorney
Molinaro's fees and costs. The complaint
alleged that R.M.'s ledger showed that costs
of $16,738 had been incurred up to the time
of settlement, but those costs were "zeroed
out" on the ledger without reflecting any
payment.
¶10 The complaint alleged that on
December 31, 2001, Attorney Molinaro's
office prepared two business checks totaling
$44,500, for the purpose of transferring
funds from the business checking account to
the account in the Marathon Savings Bank. A
$35,000 check was deposited to the Marathon
Account on December 31, 2001, and a $9,500
check was deposited in the account on
January 11, 2002. The complaint alleged
that on February 6, 2002, Attorney Molinaro
transferred $44,500 from the Marathon
Account back to his business checking
account. The complaint alleged as a result
of those transfers, Attorney Molinaro did
not report $44,500 in fees that he was
originally paid in 2001 as income on his
2001 income tax return.
¶11 The complaint alleged that TIG
Insurance Company, R.M.'s worker's
compensation carrier, was named as a co-
plaintiff in R.M.'s lawsuit and TIG held a
lien on the settlement proceeds. The
complaint alleged that Attorney Molinaro
failed to notify TIG of the settlement or
send any written notice to TIG regarding his
receipt of funds in which TIG held an
interest. The complaint alleged TIG learned
of the R.M. settlement from a source other
than Attorney Molinaro, and a TIG
representative contacted Attorney Roland
Cafaro for assistance in enforcing TIG's
statutory lien rights.
¶12 The complaint alleged that on
October 10, 2001, Attorney Molinaro told
Cafaro that the R.M. case had been settled
for $1.4 million and that TIG would be paid
its full statutory lien. Cafaro asked
Attorney Molinaro to provide copies of the
settlement documents and a proposed third
party proceeds distribution agreement. The
complaint alleged Attorney Molinaro did not
promptly comply with this request. The
complaint alleged that in November 2001
Cafaro renewed his request for copies of the
settlement documents and proposed third
party distribution agreement and advised
Attorney Molinaro that TIG's statutory lien
was $66,934.18, and that TIG expected
Attorney Molinaro, as a fiduciary of TIG, to
hold in trust all funds due TIG. The
complaint alleged at that time Attorney
Molinaro was not holding TIG's funds in a
trust account, but rather in the Marathon
Account he had opened in May of 2001.
¶13 The complaint alleged that on
November 20, 2001, Attorney Molinaro
transferred $68,706.82 from the Marathon
Account to his business checking account,
and a $66,934.18 check was written from the
business account to TIG for payment of its
lien. This left $1,772.64 of R.M.'s
settlement funds in Attorney Molinaro's
business checking account. The complaint
alleged that on November 21, 2001, Attorney
Molinaro sent Cafaro the $66,934.18 check
but did not enclose a proposed third party
proceeds distribution agreement or any
settlement documents. Cafaro again wrote to
Attorney Molinaro requesting those
documents.
¶14 The complaint alleged that on
December 20, 2001, Attorney Molinaro sent
Cafaro a proposed distribution agreement
that indicated the settlement was $1.175
million instead of the actual figure of
$1.085 million. The complaint alleged
Attorney Molinaro reported his attorney fees
and costs were $479,363.14, the exact amount
left in Attorney Molinaro's business account
after making the disbursements for R.M. The
complaint alleged Attorney Molinaro failed
to provide a settlement statement or other
settlement documents requested by Cafaro.
The complaint alleged on December 26, 2001,
Cafaro advised Attorney Molinaro that if he
did not receive all settlement-related court
documents by January 18, 2002, he would
initiate court proceedings to void the
settlement.
¶15 The complaint alleged that on
January 9, 2002, Attorney Molinaro sent
Cafaro copies of the release and minor
settlement agreement in the R.M. case. The
complaint also alleged on January 18, 2002,
Cafaro informed Attorney Molinaro that those
documents were inconsistent with ones
Attorney Molinaro had previously sent.
Cafaro advised Attorney Molinaro that he
would consider the settlement agreement null
and void unless Attorney Molinaro provided
satisfactory documentation.
¶16 The complaint alleged that on
February 22, 2002, Attorney Molinaro
provided Cafaro with a revised third party
proceeds distribution agreement showing the
settlement amount as $1.085 million and
listing Attorney Molinaro's fees and costs
as $380,753 rather than the $479,363.14 that
Attorney Molinaro had earlier reported. The
complaint alleged Attorney Molinaro did not
provide any cost statement as requested by
Cafaro, but represented the total costs were
approximately $23,000. Attorney Molinaro
also indicated that his fee for the
children's settlement was $100,000, out of
which he had paid $10,000 to the guardian ad
litem. The complaint alleged the defendants
had paid the guardian ad litem $10,000
directly.
¶17 The complaint alleged that as of
February 20, 2002, $163,704.40 of R.M.'s
funds remained in the Marathon Account. The
complaint also alleged Attorney Molinaro
closed the Marathon Account that same day
and transferred the remaining funds to his
client trust account.
¶18 The complaint alleged that Attorney
Molinaro's wife filed a petition for divorce
the following day. In his sworn response to
interrogatories served upon him in the
divorce case, Attorney Molinaro represented
that the $163,704.40 deposit pertained to a
case that was settled in January 2002 and
that Attorney Molinaro might receive an
additional $4,601.22 fee if not claimed by a
prior attorney. The complaint alleged the
R.M. case was settled in May 2001, not
January 2002, and it involved no prior
attorney.
¶19 The complaint alleged that on June
18, 2003, more than a year after the
Marathon Account was closed, a $1,482.57
trust account check was written to Attorney
Molinaro's firm and attributed to R.M.'s
trust account funds. The check stub for the
check read, "2001 tax on interest (51%)."
Attorney Molinaro did not account to R.M.
for this payment. The complaint alleged the
balance of R.M.'s trust account funds were
used to pay various medical expenses and to
make two other distributions to an
investment account for R.M., after which
R.M.'s funds were fully disbursed.
¶20 The complaint alleged the
distributions paid to Attorney Molinaro from
R.M.'s settlement proceeds in 2001 and 2002
totaled $480,844. The complaint alleged
Attorney Molinaro was entitled to receive no
more than $471,693 from the R.M. settlement,
consisting of his one-third contingency fee
of $361,666, his $90,000 fee from the minor
children's settlement, the $16,738 in
accrued costs recorded on R.M.'s client
ledger, and an additional $3,289 for
mileage, meals and office expenses that were
not recorded on R.M.'s client ledger but
that Attorney Molinaro specifically
identified as pertaining to R.M.
¶21 The complaint alleged that because
Attorney Molinaro was owed, at the most,
$471,693 from R.M.'s settlement funds, but
he took $480,844, Attorney Molinaro owed
R.M. restitution in the amount of $9,151
plus interest.
¶22 The complaint alleged five counts of
misconduct with respect to Attorney
Molinaro's handling of R.M.'s case:
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(Count 5) By depositing over $1 million
of
client funds into a non-trust account; by
subsequently transferring those funds to his
business checking account for disbursement;
and by temporarily commingling $44,500 of
his own funds with client funds in the
Marathon Account, Attorney Molinaro failed
to deposit client funds to an identifiable
trust account and commingled his own funds
with client funds, in violation of former
SCR 20:1.15(a).
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(Count 6) By failing to give prompt
written
notice to TIG regarding his receipt of
$66,934.18 of its funds; by failing to
deliver TIG's settlement funds until
November 21, 2001, despite having received
the funds on May 17, 2001; and, by failing
to provide a full and accurate accounting of
the settlement proceedings to TIG in
response to requests for the same, Attorney
Molinaro failed to promptly notify a client
or third person of the receipt of any funds
in which the client or third person held an
interest, failed to promptly deliver the
funds the client or third person were
entitled to receive, and failed, upon
request, to render a full accounting
regarding the funds, in violation of former
SCR 20:1.15(b).
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(Count 7) By transferring R.M.'s
settlement funds from the Marathon Account
to his business checking account and keeping
a portion of those transferred funds as his
fees and costs without giving R.M. a
settlement statement or any accounting——
either in advance of, or after taking the
funds——Attorney Molinaro failed to treat
property in which both he and another person
claimed interest as trust property until
there was an accounting and severance of
their interests, in violation of former
SCR:1.15(d).
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(Count 8) By failing to record on a
ledger the receipt and disbursement of over
$1 million for R.M., and by paying fees and
costs to himself by transferring funds to
his business account, from which he made
disbursements and kept the remainder,
Attorney Molinaro failed to keep complete
records of trust account funds and other
trust property for at least six years after
termination of the representation in
violation of former SCR 20:1.15(e).
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(Count 9) By taking approximately $9,151
more of R.M.'s funds than he was entitled to
receive as fees and costs; by disguising his
receipt of those funds by giving no
accounting to R.M. and inaccurate
accountings to Cafaro; by failing to report
receipt of $44,500 of income he received in
2001 on his 2001 business or personal tax
returns and using the Marathon Account to
attempt to hide that income; and by making
representations on sworn answers to
interrogatories propounded in his divorce,
Attorney Molinaro engaged in conduct
involving dishonesty, fraud, deceit or
misrepresentation, in violation of 20:8.4
(c).
¶23 Count 10 of the OLR's complaint
alleged:
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By providing OLR with a number of
conflicting and inaccurate accountings
regarding the disposition of R.M.'s funds;
by failing to provide OLR with a complete
accounting that accurately showed the amount
of funds that Attorney Molinaro had received
from R.M.'s settlement including the
disbursement of interest; by misrepresenting
that the $44,500 transfer between his
business account and the Marathon Account
pertained to a worker's compensation
dispute; and by misrepresenting the purpose
and calculation of the $1,482.52 trust
account check to his firm, Attorney Molinaro
did, in the course of an OLR investigation,
willfully fail to provide relevant
information, answer questions fully, or
furnish documents, and made a
misrepresentation in a disclosure to OLR, in
violation of SCR 22.03(6).
¶24 Finally, the OLR's complaint alleged
the following additional violations:
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(Count 11) By failing to keep a cash
receipts journal, a disbursements journal,
or general ledger or transaction register
showing a chronological history of
transactions in the account and the clients
to which they were attributable, and by
failing to create and retain a monthly
schedule of subsidiary ledgers indicating
the balance of each client's account at the
end of each month, Attorney Molinaro failed
to keep complete and accurate trust account
records as required under former SCR 20:1.15
(e).
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(Count 12) By depositing 41 earned fee
payments totaling $15,919.80 into his client
trust account in November and December 2001,
Attorney Molinaro commingled personal and
client funds in a client trust account, in
violation of former SCR 20:1.15(a).
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(Count 13) By depositing $15,919.80 in
earned fees and costs to his client trust
account for the purpose of hiding income and
avoiding taxation on those fees in the year
in which they were received, Attorney
Molinaro engaged in conduct involving
dishonesty, fraud, deceit or
misrepresentation in violation of SCR 20:8.4
(c).
¶25 Attorney Molinaro filed an answer to
the OLR's complaint on June 15, 2007.
Russell L. Hanson was appointed referee. A
three-day hearing was held in October 2007.
At the hearing, Nancy Warner, an OLR
investigator, testified at length about her
audit of Attorney Molinaro's accounts and
her conclusion that he overcharged R.M. by
approximately $9,600. Attorney Cafaro, who
represented the worker's compensation
carrier in the R.M. case, testified about
his dealings with Attorney Molinaro
regarding the worker's compensation
carrier's subrogated interest in the R.M.
settlement.
¶26 Attorney Molinaro testified at
length regarding the calculation of his fees
in R.M.'s case and explained that he was
entitled to one-third of the total
settlement, which was $1.4 million. With
respect to the transfer of $44,500 from his
business account to the Marathon Account,
Attorney Molinaro testified he was not
attempting to hide income, but was reserving
money to cover possible future expenses,
including medical bills. Attorney Molinaro
testified that after R.M.'s case was
settled, R.M. was hospitalized and there
were potential large bills outstanding, and
he did not know if the worker's compensation
carrier, Medicare, or some other source
would pay for them. He testified he
believed he was entitled not to claim fees
for tax purposes until he was satisfied his
client was protected and that was why the
$44,500 was not reported as income until
2002.
¶27 The referee issued his report and
recommendation on January 21, 2008. He
concluded that the OLR had failed to meet
its burden of proof with respect to the
first four counts of the complaint, i.e.,
those counts involving J.K. The referee
also found that the OLR failed to meet its
burden of proof as to count 10 of the
complaint, which alleged that Attorney
Molinaro failed to cooperate with the OLR in
the course of its investigation and made
conflicting and inaccurate representations.
The referee said, "Virtually all information
entered at the hearing was supplied by the
Respondent and it appears he made a good
faith effort to come up with the information
the Complainant was requesting."
¶28 The referee concluded that the OLR
did meet its burden of proof on counts 5
through 9 and 11 through 13. As to count 5,
the referee said Attorney Molinaro admitted
that he failed to deposit the R.M.
settlement funds into an identifiable trust
account. As to counts 6 and 7, the referee
said Attorney Molinaro received the R.M.
settlement funds on May 17, 2001. The
referee found that TIG was a co-plaintiff
and held a lien on the settlement funds, but
Attorney Molinaro failed to notify TIG he
had received the funds and Attorney Cafaro
learned about the settlement from another
source. The referee found that Attorney
Molinaro did pay TIG the full amount of its
lien, but he did not do so until November
20, 2001, more than six months after he
received the funds. The referee also
concluded Attorney Molinaro never gave TIG a
full accounting.
¶29 As to count 8, the referee concluded
Attorney Molinaro failed to provide evidence
that he gave a written accounting to R.M.,
and the referee also noted Attorney Molinaro
did not provide the testimony of a
representative of R.M. to the effect that a
written accounting had been given. The
referee concluded Attorney Molinaro knew how
to maintain his trust account records since
he was properly recording entries in other
client matters during this same time period.
¶30 With respect to count 9, the referee
concluded Attorney Molinaro took more of
R.M.'s funds than he was entitled to receive
as fees and costs and his taking and keeping
the excess funds was dishonest. The referee
concluded Attorney Molinaro gave a false
accounting of his fees and costs to Attorney
Cafaro and that he gave contradictory
statements about his fees to the OLR.
¶31 With respect to the allegations in
count 9 that Attorney Molinaro failed to
report receipt of $44,500 of income he
received in 2001 on his 2001 business or
personal tax returns, the referee concluded
that Attorney Molinaro shifted income from
2001 to 2002 and achieved an unlawful
federal tax advantage of approximately
$6,019. The referee specifically rejected
Attorney Molinaro's assertion that the
transfer of the $44,500 was due to the
dispute with TIG. The referee said that
Attorney Molinaro determined to move the
funds without informing TIG; he moved the
funds from his business account the very
last day of the tax year; he made
inconsistent statements regarding the
purpose of the transfer; and he returned the
funds to his business account before the
dispute with TIG was resolved.
¶32 The referee also concluded that the
OLR met its burden of proof on counts 11,
12, and 13 of the complaint.
¶33 The OLR had sought a two-year
suspension of Attorney Molinaro's license.
The referee's entire discussion as to the
appropriate sanction is as follows:
It appears that except for the
violations I have found, Mr. Molinaro has
been a competent and honorable member of his
profession. Nevertheless, his conduct in
this matter is so serious that I must
recommend suspension of his license to
practice law for a 30 month period.
¶34 Attorney Molinaro has appealed the
referee's findings and conclusions as to
counts 5 through 9 and 11 through 13 of the
complaint. He also challenges the referee's
recommendation for a 30-month suspension.
The OLR has appealed the referee's
conclusion that it failed to meet its burden
of proof on count 10. The OLR has not
appealed the referee's conclusion that the
OLR failed to meet its burden of proof with
respect to counts 1 through 4 of the
complaint.
¶35 Attorney Molinaro challenges many of
the referee's findings of fact and also
challenges the referee's conclusions that
Attorney Molinaro's conduct violated any
ethical rule. Attorney Molinaro argues that
his fee for representing R.M. was properly
based on the full amount of the $1.4 million
settlement. He says the referee's
conclusion that the R.M. settlement was
$1.085 million and the attorney fees for the
minor children's settlement was $90,000 is
inaccurate and results in a miscalculation
of the amount of attorney fees to which
Attorney Molinaro was entitled. Attorney
Molinaro argues that throughout the
negotiations leading to a final resolution
of the R.M. litigation, it was clear that
Attorney Molinaro was entitled to a total
fee of $466,666. He says the finding that
he received $9,630 more than he was entitled
to is inaccurate.
¶36 Attorney Molinaro asserts there was
some confusion about his fee because R.M.
contributed $15,000 from his $1.1 million
settlement to the children's portion of the
settlement. He also asserts that he and the
children's guardian ad litem agreed there
was no reason to create an "unnecessary
paper trail" (and possibly delaying the
funding of the minor settlement) and for
this reason the minor settlement documents
do not reflect the additional $15,000 that
R.M. contributed to the children's
settlement. Attorney Molinaro agrees that
the guardian ad litem was paid $10,000
directly by the insurance company but he
argues this does not change the fact that he
was entitled to one-third of the total $1.4
million settlement.
¶37 Attorney Molinaro asserts that he
correctly administered the Marathon Account
as a trust account throughout his
representation of R.M. While he admits the
account was not properly titled as a client
trust account, he says the settlement
proceeds placed in the account were properly
administered as client trust funds. He also
argues that although he did not maintain
records of the R.M. funds in a manner deemed
acceptable to the OLR, he complied with the
requirements of former SCR 20:1.15.
¶38 While Attorney Molinaro also
acknowledges there were errors in the
documents he initially provided to Attorney
Cafaro, he says those errors were corrected
in subsequent correspondence, and he asserts
TIG was in no way harmed and received all
the funds it was entitled to as a subrogated
payor.
¶39 Attorney Molinaro also admits that
he did not provide R.M. a written final
accounting, but he asserts his failure does
not mean that he improperly administered the
R.M. settlement proceeds. Attorney Molinaro
explains that he has been longtime friends
with R.M.'s brother and sister-in-law, W.M.
and J.M., R.M.'s agents. Attorney Molinaro
says he maintained constant contact with
W.M. and J.M., and regularly gave them
information about the expenditure of funds
on behalf of R.M. He points out there has
never been a complaint from R.M. or his
agents about the handling of the settlement
proceeds.
¶40 With respect to the transfer of the
$44,500 from the business account to the
Marathon Account and back again, Attorney
Molinaro insists that he set the money aside
until such time as he was satisfied R.M. was
not at risk of having to pay additional
funds. He argues the referee's conclusion
that the transfers were an attempt to hide
money and avoid taxes is in error.
¶41 As to the referee's conclusion that
Attorney Molinaro made misrepresentations on
sworn answers to interrogatories in his
divorce action regarding his fees in the
R.M. case, Attorney Molinaro argues his
misstatement in the answer to the
interrogatory was simply an error and a
misunderstanding on his part about the focus
of the question. Attorney Molinaro also
asserts that his failure to maintain various
trust account records, as alleged in count
11 of the OLR's complaint, does not warrant
the level of discipline recommended by the
referee. He argues his trust account was
properly balanced each month and there was
no finding of a misappropriation of funds.
While he admits that separate journals and
registers were not kept on a regular basis,
he asserts there is nothing to show he
mishandled any funds on behalf of any of his
clients.
¶42 Attorney Molinaro argues that the
referee's recommendation for a 30-month
suspension of his license to practice law in
Wisconsin is excessive and not supported by
the record. He points out that at the time
the OLR filed its complaint, it sought a 24-
month suspension. He also points out that
the referee concluded the OLR failed to
prove 5 of the 13 counts of misconduct
alleged in the complaint. Attorney Molinaro
argues the referee provided no rationale for
recommending a 30-month suspension. He
points to his nearly 30-year unblemished
career in which he has served a myriad of
clients. He argues that, assuming this
court were to find that he engaged in any
misconduct, a public reprimand would be an
appropriate level of discipline. Attorney
Molinaro also argues that the full costs of
the proceeding should not be assessed
against him.
¶43 The OLR argues that the referee
properly concluded that Attorney Molinaro
violated counts 5 through 9 and 11 through
13 of the complaint. As to count 5, the OLR
points out that Attorney Molinaro admitted
the Marathon Account into which the R.M.
settlement proceeds were deposited, and the
$44,500 was later commingled, was not a
trust account. The OLR also asserts
Attorney Molinaro's claim that the funds in
the account were properly administered is
contradicted by the fact that he made no
client ledger entries upon depositing the
settlement money, transferred funds into his
business account to make disbursements, and
gave no accounting to his client.
¶44 As to count 6 of the complaint, the
OLR alleges the referee correctly concluded
that the duty to notify TIG of the
settlement arose upon receipt of the funds;
Attorney Molinaro failed to notify TIG and
it learned about the settlement from another
source; and Attorney Molinaro did not pay
TIG the money to which it was entitled for
more than six months after receiving the
funds and he never gave TIG a full
accounting.
¶45 As to count 7, the OLR notes
Attorney Molinaro admits he transferred
client settlement funds into his business
checking account, and kept a portion of his
fees and costs without giving R.M. a
settlement statement or accounting. As to
count 8, the OLR says the referee
appropriately found that Attorney Molinaro
knew how to maintain proper records and
failed to sufficiently explain why he would
not have used his normal recordkeeping
procedures in the R.M. case.
¶46 As to count 9, the OLR argues that
Attorney Molinaro dishonestly converted
$9,630 of R.M.'s funds. The OLR notes the
referee found that Attorney Molinaro gave no
accounting to R.M.; he gave a false
accounting to TIG; he falsely asserted he
had paid the guardian ad litem; and he gave
contradictory statements regarding his fees
to the OLR. The OLR also asserts the
referee appropriately found that Attorney
Molinaro failed to report receipt of $44,500
of income he received in 2001 on his 2001
income tax returns and used the Marathon
Account to hide that income. The OLR
asserts Attorney Molinaro obtained a tax
advantage by diverting that income until
2002. The OLR also argues the referee
appropriately concluded that Attorney
Molinaro made a misrepresentation on a sworn
answer to an interrogatory in his divorce as
to when the R.M. settlement proceeds were
received, and he also stated in the
interrogatory answer that a prior attorney
might be claiming a portion of the amount as
a fee when in fact there was no prior
attorney involved in the case.
¶47 As to count 11, the OLR argues the
referee properly found that Attorney
Molinaro failed to keep a cash receipts
journal, a disbursements journal, a general
ledger or transaction register, or a monthly
schedule of subsidiary ledgers. As to count
12, the OLR argues the referee appropriately
found that Attorney Molinaro commingled 41
earned fee payments into his client trust
account in late 2001. As to count 13, the
OLR argues the referee appropriately found
that Attorney Molinaro deposited $15,919.80
in earned fees and costs into his trust
account for the purpose of hiding income and
avoiding taxation on those fees in the year
received.
¶48 The OLR has cross-appealed the
referee's conclusion that the OLR failed to
meet its burden of proof as to count 10.
While the OLR does not dispute the referee's
findings of fact on this count, it argues
this court should review de novo the
referee's conclusion and find a violation of
SCR 22.03(6). The OLR asserts the referee
found sufficient facts to prove that
Attorney Molinaro provided the OLR with
conflicting and inaccurate accountings and
that he misrepresented the purpose for the
transfer of the $44,500. The OLR also
asserts the record supports an order that
Attorney Molinaro make restitution of $9,630
plus interest to R.M.
¶49 As to the appropriate sanction, the
OLR says the referee's recommendation of a
30-month suspension is reasonable and should
receive due consideration. The OLR says
that its initial request for a two-year
suspension, with an order for $9,630
restitution to R.M., is consistent with this
court's past precedent.
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¶50 This court will adopt a referee's
findings of fact unless they are clearly
erroneous. Conclusions of law are reviewed
de novo. See In re Disciplinary
Proceedings Against Eisenberg, 2004 WI 14,
¶5, 269 Wis. 2d 43, 675 N.W.2d 747. The
court may impose whatever sanction it sees
fit regardless of the referee's
recommendation. See In re
Disciplinary
Proceedings Against Widule, 2003 WI 34,
¶44,
261 Wis. 2d 45, 660 N.W.2d 686.
¶51 From our independent review of the
record, we conclude that the referee's
finding that Attorney Molinaro settled
R.M.'s personal injury case for $1.085
million, plus an additional $215,000 in
structured settlement proceeds for R.M.'s
minor children, is clearly erroneous. We
also deem the referee's finding that
Attorney Molinaro collected excessive fees
from the R.M. settlement to be clearly
erroneous.
¶52 The record clearly and unequivocally
demonstrates that the total amount of the
R.M. settlement was $1.4 million. Attorney
Molinaro's contingent fee agreement with
R.M. clearly and unequivocally provided that
Attorney Molinaro was entitled to receive 33
1/3 percent of the total settlement amount,
or $466,666. This is precisely the amount
that Attorney Molinaro retained as fees in
the R.M. case. In addition, he was entitled
to recover the costs of the proceeding. The
contingent fee agreement and settlement
documents are clear and unambiguous. The
OLR's contention that Attorney Molinaro
overcharged R.M. by $9,630 is simply not
borne out by the record.
¶53 The OLR has devoted a significant
amount of time in its complaint, at the
hearing, and on appeal, to breaking the $1.4
million settlement into various component
parts, calculating 33 1/3 percent of each of
those parts and then adding those sums
together in an effort to deduce the amount
of fees to which Attorney Molinaro was
entitled. We conclude that this process
unnecessarily complicates the issue and
results in an incorrect fee amount. The
amount of fees to which Attorney Molinaro
was entitled as the result of the R.M.
settlement is greater than the sum of those
component parts.
¶54 The total settlement in the R.M.
case was $1.4 million. Attorney Molinaro
was entitled to 33 1/3 percent of that
amount. After the fee was deducted from the
$1.4 million, many other amounts were paid
from the remaining balance, including the
guardian ad litem fee, the minor settlement,
and the payment to TIG. We conclude that
the OLR failed to prove by clear,
satisfactory, and convincing evidence that
Attorney Molinaro overcharged R.M.
Consequently, we conclude that the OLR
failed to meet its burden of proof with
respect to the first part of count 9 of the
complaint, and we also conclude that no
reimbursement is owed to R.M.
¶55 We uphold the remainder of the
referee's findings of fact and conclusions
of law, including the referee's conclusion
that the OLR failed to meet its burden of
proof on count 10 of the complaint.
Attorney Molinaro admitted that the Marathon
Account was not denominated as a trust
account. He also admitted failing to keep
proper ledgers, and failing to give R.M. a
full accounting. The record also supports
the referee's conclusion that Attorney
Molinaro failed to give TIG prompt written
notice of the R.M. settlement, and failed to
render TIG a full accounting.
¶56 Attorney Molinaro claimed that he
had a legitimate business reason for
transferring the $44,500 from his business
account to the Marathon Account on the last
day of business of 2001 and then
transferring it back in 2002, and he asserts
the transfer was not made for the purpose of
avoiding taxes in 2001. The referee's
findings of fact and conclusions of law in
this regard turn largely on credibility
determinations. The referee apparently
found Attorney Molinaro's explanation about
the reason for the transfer was not
credible. "It is the referee's function to
assess credibility of witnesses." In re
Disciplinary Proceedings Against
Steinberg,
2007 WI 113, ¶16, 304 Wis. 2d 577, 735
N.W.2d 527. While Attorney Molinaro's
explanation regarding the transfer is
plausible, based on the record before us, we
are unable to declare any of the referee's
findings on the issues clearly erroneous,
and we adopt them. We also agree with the
conclusions of law that flow from the
referee's findings of fact in this regard.
¶57 We now turn to the appropriate
sanction to impose for Attorney Molinaro's
misconduct. In support of his argument that
a public reprimand is appropriate, Attorney
Molinaro cites previous disciplinary cases
in which a public reprimand was issued,
including In re Disciplinary Proceedings
Against Boyd
, 2006 WI 28, 289 Wis. 2d 351,
711 N.W.2d 268, and In re Disciplinary
Proceedings Against Jacobson, 2005 WI 76,
281 Wis. 2d 619, 697 N.W.2d 831.
¶58 In support of its argument that a
lengthy suspension is warranted, the OLR
cites a variety of cases, including In re
Disciplinary Proceedings Against Ward, 176
Wis. 2d 1, 499 N.W.2d 172 (1993); In re
Disciplinary Proceedings Against
Krezminski,
2007 WI 21, 299 Wis. 2d 152, 727 N.W.2d 492;
and In re Disciplinary Proceedings Against
Edgar, 230 Wis. 2d 205, 601 N.W.2d 284
(1999). Based on our review of the record,
we conclude that this case falls somewhere
between the conduct at issue in Boyd and
Jacobson and that at issue in Ward,
Krezminski, and Edgar.
¶59 In Boyd and Jacobson, the
attorneys
were publicly reprimanded for commingling
funds and failing to provide a full
accounting of the distribution of settlement
proceeds. The conduct in the instant case
is more serious since the referee also found
that Attorney Molinaro failed to report a
significant amount of income he received in
2001 on his 2001 tax returns and instead
transferred those earned fees to his trust
account for the purpose of avoiding taxation
on those fees in the year in which they were
received. The referee also concluded that
Attorney Molinaro engaged in conduct
involving dishonesty, fraud, deceit, or
misrepresentation by making
misrepresentations on sworn answers to
interrogatories propounded in his divorce.
The attorneys in Ward, Krezminski,
and Edgar
were all found to have converted client
funds in addition to other counts of
misconduct, some of which included trust
account violations. We have concluded that
Attorney Molinaro did not overcharge R.M.,
and thus did not convert funds.
Consequently, we find those cases to be
inapposite as well.
¶60 Two cases that we find to be
somewhat analogous are In re Disciplinary
Proceedings Against Steinberg, 2007 WI
113,
304 Wis. 2d 577, 735 N.W.2d 527, and In re
Disciplinary Proceedings Against Brown,
2007
WI 110, 304 Wis. 2d 601, 735 N.W.2d 909. In
Steinberg the attorney was publicly
reprimanded for multiple trust account
violations as well as for engaging in
conduct involving dishonesty, fraud, deceit,
or misrepresentation. One distinguishing
factor is that the referee concluded
Attorney Steinberg was confused about how to
manage his trust account. Attorney Molinaro
has 30 years experience in private practice,
does not claim he was confused about proper
trust account handling, and admits he did
not comply with various trust account
rules. In addition, Attorney Molinaro was
found to have transferred earned fees to his
trust account in order to gain a tax
advantage, and he was also found to have
made a misrepresentation in answering a
divorce interrogatory. These additional
factors weigh in favor of imposing
discipline greater than that imposed in
Steinberg.
¶61 In Brown the attorney received a
90-
day suspension after stipulating to multiple
trust account violations, including failing
to perform a reconciliation of his trust
account for over three years; failing to
maintain complete trust account records;
depositing his own personal funds into the
trust account on at least two occasions; and
allowing earned fees to remain in trust
without disbursing them. Attorney Brown
also admitted to failing to hold client or
third-party funds in trust by using client
or third-party funds to pay checks issued in
matters related to other clients and failing
to promptly notify clients of the receipt of
funds in which the clients had an interest.
Attorney Brown stipulated to ten total trust
account violations, and also agreed to the
imposition of a 90-day suspension. The
number and nature of the violations in
Brown
are somewhat analogous to the instant case.
¶62 Although the referee did not
specifically identify any mitigating
factors, he did note that except for the
violations found here, Attorney
Molinaro "has been a competent and honorable
member of his profession." We also note the
following mitigating factors: (1) the lack
of harm to any clients; (2) no previous
professional discipline; and (3) while some
counts were serious, others were technical
in nature. Upon consideration of the record
and all of the relevant factors, we conclude
that a 60-day suspension of Attorney
Molinaro's license to practice law in this
state is appropriate.
¶63 The remaining issue before us is the
appropriate amount of costs to assess
against Attorney Molinaro. On February 18,
2009, the OLR filed a supplemental statement
of costs showing total costs in the amount
of $23,748.28. The OLR director recommends
that the full amount be assessed against
Attorney Molinaro. Attorney Molinaro has
objected to the supplemental statement of
costs and has moved the court for an order
reducing the amount of costs assessed. He
has not indicated what amount of costs he
would deem appropriate.
¶64 SCR 22.24(1m) provides that the
court's general policy upon a finding of
misconduct is to impose all costs of the
proceeding upon the respondent attorney, but
it also states that in cases involving
extraordinary circumstances the court may,
in the exercise of its discretion, reduce
the amount of costs imposed upon a
respondent. When exercising this
discretion, the court will consider the
submissions of the parties and the following
factors: (a) the number of counts charged,
contested, and proven; (b) the nature of the
misconduct; (c) the level of discipline
sought by the parties and recommended by the
referee; (d) the respondent's cooperation
with the disciplinary process; (e) prior
discipline, if any; and (f) other relevant
circumstances.
¶65 In the present case, we determine
that these factors show an extraordinary
circumstance that warrants a reduction of
the costs to be imposed on Attorney
Molinaro. We further conclude that it would
be just to assess $12,000 in costs against
Attorney Molinaro.
¶66 The OLR charged 13 counts of
professional misconduct. The referee found
a failure of proof as to five counts,
including the four counts arising out of
Attorney Molinaro's representation of J.K.
The four counts involving J.K. provided the
impetus for the OLR to commence its
investigation into Attorney Molinaro's
conduct in 2004. The OLR would not have
learned of Attorney Molinaro's
representation of R.M. had it not been for
the grievance filed by J.K. The OLR did not
appeal the referee's decision with respect
to the J.K. counts.
¶67 The most serious allegation of
misconduct found by the referee was Attorney
Molinaro's alleged $9,630 overcharge in the
R.M. personal injury settlement. It appears
that the question of what was the
appropriate fee in the R.M. settlement was
the most hotly debated issue in this case,
and that this single issue accounted for a
substantial amount of the total time——and
resulting fees and costs——expended by the
OLR in prosecuting this matter. We have
concluded that the OLR failed to meet its
burden of proof on its allegation that
Attorney Molinaro overcharged R.M. We also
rejected the OLR's cross-appeal and agreed
with the referee that Attorney Molinaro
fully cooperated with the investigation into
his conduct.
¶68 We agree that the remaining counts
of misconduct are serious failings which
warrant a suspension of Attorney Molinaro's
license to practice law. However, the
failure to maintain proper records is a
technical violation, and although we did not
overturn the referee's factual findings as
to why Attorney Molinaro deferred income
from one year to the next, we did agree that
his explanation for the deferral was
plausible.
¶69 While the OLR sought a two-year
suspension and the referee recommended a 30-
month suspension, this court has deemed it
appropriate to impose a much lesser
sanction, a 60-day suspension.
¶70 Attorney Molinaro has practiced law
for almost 30 years and has no prior
disciplinary history. This matter has been
pending for a significant period of time.
The conduct at issue occurred between 2001
and 2003. The OLR's investigation lasted
for 30 months before the matter was referred
to the preliminary review committee. A
complaint was not filed until 2007.
¶71 In view of all of these factors, we
conclude that it would not be fair under the
circumstances of this case to hold Attorney
Molinaro responsible for the full amount of
costs. We conclude that extraordinary
circumstances are present and that Attorney
Molinaro should be required to pay $12,000
in costs.
¶72 IT IS ORDERED that the license of
Thomas J. Molinaro to practice law in
Wisconsin is suspended for 60 days,
commencing August 10, 2009.
¶73 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Thomas J.
Molinaro comply with the provisions of SCR
22.26 concerning the duties of a person
whose license to practice law in Wisconsin
has been suspended.
¶74 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that within 60
days of the date of this order, Thomas J.
Molinaro shall pay to the Office of Lawyer
Regulation $12,000 as the costs of this
proceeding. If the costs are not paid
within the time specified, and absent a
showing to this court of his inability to
pay the costs within that time, the license
of Thomas J. Molinaro to practice law in
Wisconsin shall remain suspended until
further order of this court.
¶75 ANN WALSH BRADLEY, J., did not
participate.
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