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ATTORNEY disciplinary proceeding.
Attorney's license revoked.
¶1 PER CURIAM. Attorney Robert C.
Menard has appealed a referee's
recommendation that his license to practice
law in Wisconsin be revoked; that he be
ordered to make restitution to a number of
clients; and that he be ordered to pay the
full costs of this proceeding, which are
$18,191.42 as of October 25, 2019. Attorney
Menard stipulated to 30 counts of misconduct
and the only disputed issue left for the
referee to decide was the appropriate
sanction. Similarly, the only issue raised
on appeal is what is reasonable and
appropriate discipline for the misconduct in
this case. We agree with the referee that
revocation is the appropriate sanction.
¶2 Attorney Menard was admitted to
practice law in Wisconsin in 1991. He has
no prior disciplinary history. On March 20,
2020, the court, on its own motion pursuant
to Supreme Court Rule (SCR) 22.21(1),
determined that Attorney Menard's continued
practice of law posed a threat to the
interests of the public and the
administration of justice, and it
temporarily suspended his license.
¶3 On April 9, 2018, the Office of
Lawyer Regulation (OLR) filed a complaint
against Attorney Menard alleging 23 counts
of misconduct arising out of 12 client
matters. The complaint also alleged various
counts of misconduct regarding commingling
of funds, conducting prohibited bank
transactions, various trust account
violations, and making misrepresentations to
the OLR. Referee James W. Mohr, Jr. was
appointed on May 7, 2018. Attorney Menard
filed an answer to the complaint on May 18,
2018.
¶4 On December 28, 2018, the OLR filed
an amended complaint adding eight counts of
misconduct. The amended complaint added
three counts of misconduct involving one of
the client matters set forth in the original
complaint. It also added five counts of
misconduct involving a client matter that
was not part of the original complaint.
Attorney Menard filed an answer to the
amended complaint on January 18, 2019.
¶5 Attorney Menard eventually chose to
admit the factual basis of counts 1 through
30 in the OLR's amended complaint, and the
OLR agreed to dismiss count 31 with
prejudice. A hearing on sanction was held
before the referee on August 19 and 20,
2019. At that time, the parties stipulated
that the factual allegations in the amended
complaint constituted a sufficient factual
basis in the record for the referee to
conclude that the misconduct alleged in
counts 1 through 30 of the amended complaint
had taken place.
¶6 The referee issued his report on
October 10, 2019. He found that the OLR's
uncontested motion for summary judgment and
the stipulation put on the record at the
evidentiary hearing supported the finding
that the OLR had proven all 30 counts of
misconduct by clear, satisfactory, and
convincing evidence. The following factual
recitation is taken from the amended
complaint.
¶7 At all times material to the
allegations in the amended complaint,
Attorney Menard was a member of the firm
Derzon & Menard, S.C. (More recently, he
practiced with Menard & Menard.) He handled
primarily worker's compensation and personal
injury matters. Between August 2011 and
September 2014, the firm maintained both a
trust account and a business account at Park
Bank. Between January 2014 and February
2016 the firm maintained both a trust
account and a business account at U.S. Bank.
Attorney Menard also maintained two joint
savings accounts with his wife at U.S. Bank.
He was responsible for trust account
recordkeeping for his clients, and his
partner, Alan Derzon, was responsible for
such functions for his clients. However,
Attorney Menard prepared most of the deposit
slips and signed most of the transactions
for the firm's trust and business accounts.
¶8 The first three counts set forth in
the OLR's amended complaint involved
Attorney Menard's representation of B.C., a
minor, in a personal injury matter.
Attorney Menard was appointed guardian ad
litem (GAL) for B.C. The circuit court
approved a $47,500 minor settlement. As
GAL, Attorney Menard was ordered to make a
payment to Dean Health Care and was ordered
to place money in a federally insured
interest bearing account at Park Bank until
B.C. reached the age of 18 in April 2014.
¶9 Attorney Menard deposited or
directed the deposit of a $47,500 check,
payable to the Derzon & Menard S.C. trust
account, to the Park Bank trust account. He
then transferred the entire settlement from
the Park Bank trust account to the Park Bank
business account. Those transfers were made
by telephone. Immediately before these
transfers, the Park Bank business account
was overdrawn. The transfers restored the
account to a positive balance.
¶10 The amended complaint alleged the
following counts of misconduct with respect
to B.C.'s case:
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Count 1: By disbursing and failing
to hold in trust $29,105.65 that he received
as B.C.'s GAL on February 1, 2013, Attorney
Menard violated former SCR 20:1.15(j)(1).
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Count 2: By converting $29,105.65
belonging to B.C. between April 24, 2013 and
May 16, 2013 to cover overdrafts on the Park
Bank Business Account, Attorney Menard
violated SCR 20:8.4(c).
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Count 3: By failing to place
B.C.'s $29,105.65 in a federally insured
interest bearing account until B.C. reached
the age of 18 on April 2, 2014, Attorney
Menard knowingly failed to abide by a court
order and violated SCR 20:3.4(c).
¶11 The next four counts of misconduct
alleged in the amended complaint arose out
of Attorney Menard's representation of C.M.
and D.D. Attorney Menard represented C.M.
in a personal injury action. In December
2013, Attorney Menard deposited or directed
the deposit of a $76,000 check related to
C.M.'s claim to the Park Bank trust account.
The firm also represented D.D. in a worker's
compensation claim and a related civil
action. Attorney Menard deposited or
directed the deposit of a $90,000 check
related to D.D.'s claim to the Park Bank
trust account.
¶12 Between December 18, 2013 and
February 3, 2014, Attorney Menard
transferred $163,500 of the C.M. and D.D.
settlements from the Park Bank trust account
to the Park Bank business account. Most of
the transfers occurred by telephone or
internet. On December 20, 2013, the Park
Bank business account was overdrawn by more
than $15,000. A transfer from the Park Bank
trust account briefly restored the business
account to a positive balance but soon
thereafter the Park Bank business account
was again overdrawn. The business account
was restored to a positive balance with
another transfer from the trust account.
This pattern of the business account being
overdrawn and then restored to a positive
balance by more transfers from the trust
account was repeated multiple times.
¶13 The amended complaint alleged the
following counts of misconduct with respect
to the C.M. and D.D. cases:
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Count 4: By disbursing and failing
to hold in trust $46,919.15 of C.M.'s personal
injury settlement between December 18, 2013
and February 3, 2014, Attorney Menard violated
SCR 20:1.15(b)(1).
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Count 5: By converting $46,919.15
of C.M.'s settlement between December 18,
2013 and February 3, 2014 to cover
overdrafts on the firm's business account,
Attorney Menard violated SCR 20:8.4(c).
Count 6: By disbursing and
failing to hold in trust as much as $57,500
of D.D.'s settlement between December 23,
2013 and February 3, 2014, Attorney Menard
violated SCR 20:1.15(b)(1).
Count 7: By converting as much as
$57,500 of D.D.'s settlement between
December 23, 2013 and February 3, 2014 to
cover overdrafts on the firm's business
account, Attorney Menard violated SCR
20:8.4(c).
¶14 The next client matter detailed in
the amended complaint involved Attorney
Menard's firm's representation of D.S. in a
personal injury matter. On November 26,
2012, Attorney Menard deposited or directed
the deposit of a $190,000 check relating to
the D.S. matter to the Park Bank business
account. Between November 26, 2012 and
November 30, 2012, Attorney Menard used the
D.S. settlement proceeds to cover numerous
transactions, including pre-authorized
debits to AT&T, Target, CITI Card, and
Austin Ford.
¶15 The amended complaint alleged the
following count of misconduct with respect
to D.S.'s settlement:
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Count 8: By converting as much as
$117,300.02 of D.S.'s settlement between
November 26, 2012 and December 18, 2012 to
pay business and personal expenses and to
make disbursements to himself of $13,500,
Attorney Menard violated SCR 20:8.4(c).
¶16 The next client matter detailed in
the amended complaint involved Attorney
Menard's representation of B.H. in a
personal injury matter. On December 3,
2012, Attorney Menard deposited or directed
the deposit of a $93,893.53 check to the
firm's Park Bank business account. By
December 18, 2012, the Park Bank business
account was overdrawn; none of the
settlement proceeds had been paid to B.H.;
and Attorney Menard had converted as much as
$67,072.82 of the settlement. Attorney
Menard eventually disbursed a total of
$52,950 to B.H. despite the fact that the
settlement breakdown specified that she was
owed $62,950.32. Attorney Menard has
provided no evidence that B.H. received the
remaining $10,000 of her settlement funds.
¶17 The OLR's amended complaint alleged
the following count of misconduct with
respect to Attorney Menard's handling of the
B.H. settlement:
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Count 9: By converting as much as
$67,072.82 of B.H.'s settlement between
December 3, 2012 and December 18, 2012 in
order to cover disbursements unrelated to
his representation of B.H., Attorney Menard
violated SCR 20:8.4(c).
¶18 The next client matter detailed in
the amended complaint involved Attorney
Menard's representation of M.B. in a
worker's compensation claim. On December
19, 2012, Attorney Menard deposited or
directed the deposit of a $63,491.97 check
to the Park Bank business account. Another
check payable to an attorney at Derzon &
Menard was deposited the same day. Prior to
those deposits, the Park Bank business
account was overdrawn. The deposited funds
were used to cover checks to Attorney Menard
and wire transfers to other individuals. In
addition, Attorney Menard disbursed four
checks payable to "cash" totaling $16,000
from the funds. The amended complaint
alleged the following count of misconduct
with respect to the M.B. matter:
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Count 10: By converting as much
as $63,491.97 of M.B.'s settlement between
December 19, 2012 and January 4, 2013 in
order to repay $42,259.46 that was owed to
D.S. and make $11,000 in disbursements and
wire transfers to Attorney Menard and
others, as well as $16,000 in cash
disbursements, Attorney Menard violated SCR
20:8.4(c).
¶19 The next client matter detailed in
the amended complaint involved Attorney
Menard's representation of J.B. regarding an
auto accident. On April 15, 2013, Attorney
Menard deposited or directed the deposit of
a $92,330 check to the Park Bank business
account along with two other checks. Prior
to this deposit, the business account was
overdrawn. The deposit restored the account
to a positive balance. Between April 15 and
April 22, 2013, Attorney Menard made
numerous disbursements from the Park Bank
business account, including a $28,300
cashier's check to his wife.
¶20 At the close of business on April
22, 2013, the business account was overdrawn
by $244.19; none of the funds had been
disbursed to J.B. and Attorney Menard had
converted as much as $55,648.44 relating to
the J.B. matter. Attorney Menard continues
to owe J.B., or her subrogated care
providers, $12,648.44.
¶21 The amended complaint alleged the
following count of misconduct with respect
to Attorney Menard's representation of J.B.:
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Count 11: By converting as much
as $55,648.44 of J.B.'s settlement between
April 15, 2013 and April 22, 2013 in order
to repay $27,500 to D.S., provide a $28,300
cashier's check to his wife, and cover
numerous business or personal expenses,
Attorney Menard violated SCR 20:8.4(c).
¶22 The next client matter detailed in
the amended complaint involved Attorney
Menard's representation of J.L.-M. in a
personal injury action and a related third-
party worker's compensation claim. The
settlement in the matter was paid via two
checks issued to the Derzon & Menard trust
account: a $108,000 check dated May 13,
2013, and a $12,000 check dated June 3,
2013. On June 3, 2013, Attorney Menard
deposited or directed the deposit of the
$108,000 check to the Park Bank business
account. Prior to this deposit the account
was overdrawn by over $12,000. Between June
3 and June 17, 2013, Attorney Menard made
numerous disbursements from the business
account for business and personal expenses.
By June 17, 2013, the business account was
overdrawn by $2,757.59 and no disbursements
had been made to J.L.-M. Attorney Menard
told J.L.-M. he had made disbursements in
accordance with the settlement breakdown.
¶23 Specifically, Attorney Menard told
J.L.-M. he had disbursed $12,491.77 to
Athletic & Therapeutic Institute and
$7,623.75 to Blount Orthopedic Clinic. Park
Bank records show that neither check was
ever presented for payment or cleared the
business account.
¶24 In January 2014, against Attorney
Menard's advice, J.L.-M. and her husband
claimed all of her medical expenses as
deductions on their 2013 joint income tax
return. An IRS audit ensued in 2016.
¶25 J.L.-M. and her husband hired the
law firm of Robinson & Henry, P.C., to
represent them in the tax audit.
Thereafter, both J.L.-M. and her new
attorneys repeatedly requested medical
billing information and documentation from
Attorney Menard. While Attorney Menard was
initially helpful in providing documents, he
later became difficult to reach and never
sent them all of the correct documents
showing proof of medical payments he had
made on J.L.-M.'s behalf.
¶26 Ultimately, the IRS did not allow
the payments to Blount Orthopedic Clinic and
Athletic & Therapeutic Institute to be
included in its calculations because there
was no proof those medical expenses had been
paid out of J.L.-M.'s settlement. J.L.-M.
and her husband eventually settled with the
IRS for an additional tax burden of $3,973,
plus interest on their 2013 tax return.
¶27 On November 26, 2013, Attorney
Menard issued a check from his Park Bank
business account payable to Blount
Orthopedic Clinic in the amount of $3,000,
which was presented and paid in December
2013. Attorney Menard acknowledged to the
OLR that this check was paid on behalf of
J.L.-M. to settle the debt she owed to
Blount Orthopedic Clinic.
¶28 On July 24, 2014, Attorney Menard
issued a check from his U.S. Bank business
account payable to Athletic & Therapeutic
Institute in the amount of $8,000, which was
presented and paid on August 20, 2014.
Attorney Menard acknowledged to the OLR that
this check was paid on behalf of J.L.-M. to
settle the debt owed to Athletic &
Therapeutic Institute.
¶29 Attorney Menard never advised either
J.L.-M. or Robinson & Henry of these reduced
payments, despite their repeated requests
during the IRS audit for evidence of all
medical payments made. Until July 2018,
Attorney Menard had led J.L.-M. to believe
that the full bills of both of those
creditors had been paid. To date, Attorney
Menard has not made any refund to J.L.-M.,
either the $4,623.75 balance of any funds
after the $3,000 payment to Blunt Orthopedic
Clinic or the $4,491.77 balance of funds
after the $8,000 payment to Athletic &
Therapeutic Institute.
¶30 The amended complaint alleged the
following counts of misconduct with respect
to Attorney Menard's handling of the J.L.-M.
case:
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Count 12: By converting as much
as
$78,727.28 of J.L.-M.'s settlement between
June 3, 2013 and June 17, 2013 to cover
numerous business or personal expenses,
including $384 in overdraft fees; a $10,000
check to his mother; a $5,000 check to
Entercom for advertising; checks to other
clients and checks to "Cash," Attorney
Menard,
or Derzon & Menard totaling $10,400,
Attorney
Menard violated SCR 20:8.4(c).
Count 13: By falsely informing
J.L.-M. that he had paid Athletic &
Therapeutic Institute $12,491.77 and Blunt
Orthopedic Clinic $7,623.75 on her behalf
from the settlement proceeds in her case,
Attorney Menard violated SCR 20:8.4(c).
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Count 14: By failing to promptly
deliver $12,491.77 to Athletic & Therapeutic
Institute and $7,623.75 to Blount Orthopedic
Clinic pursuant to the Settlement Agreement,
or to promptly disburse the balance
($9,115.52) of any remaining funds to J.L.-M.
after settling the claims of Athletic &
Therapeutic Institute and Blount Orthopedic
Clinic for lesser amounts, Attorney Menard
violated SCR 20:1.15(e)(1).
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Count 15: By failing to fully and
accurately respond to J.L.-M.'s request for
information regarding the disbursement of
her settlement funds to her creditors,
including his failure to inform J.L.-M. that
he had paid only $8,000 to Athletic &
Therapeutic Institute and $3,000 to Blount
Orthopedic Clinic and that she was entitled
to a refund totaling $9,115.52, Attorney
Menard violated SCR 20:1.4(a)(4).
¶31 The next client matter detailed in
the amended complaint involved Attorney
Menard's representation of P.D. in a
personal injury case. Attorney Menard's
records include a copy of a $50,000 check
payable to the firm's client trust account
in the P.D. matter, but Attorney Menard has
not identified the account into which the
$50,000 was deposited and has not identified
any disbursements made to P.D. from those
funds.
¶32 On March 13, 2014, Attorney Menard
deposited or directed the deposit of a
$75,000 check relating to the P.D. matter to
the firm's U.S. Bank business account.
¶33 Between March 13 and March 26, 2014,
Attorney Menard made numerous disbursements
from the U.S. Bank business account,
including over $40,000 for advertising and
payments to Attorney Menard, his law firm,
or cash. Attorney Menard also disbursed two
checks totaling $23,000 to another client
whose personal injury case had been settled
in December of 2013. No funds belonging to
that client were ever deposited to the U.S.
Bank business account.
¶34 The amended complaint alleged the
following count of misconduct with respect
to Attorney Menard's representation of P.D.:
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Count 16: By converting as much
as $74,313.81 of P.D.'s two settlements
between approximately July 31, 2012 and May
22, 2014, at least some of which was used to
cover business expenses, including
advertising and payments to Attorney Menard,
the firm, and "Cash," Attorney Menard
violated SCR 20:8.4(c).
¶35 The next client matter detailed in
the amended client involved Attorney
Menard's representation of T.R. in a
worker's compensation matter. On February
4, 2015, Attorney Menard deposited or
directed the deposit of two checks to the
U.S. Bank business account in the T.R. case:
a $55,289.57 check payable to T.R., which
was not endorsed, and a $14,710.43 check
payable to Attorney Menard. Prior to that
deposit, the balance in the U.S. Bank
business account was $8,259.25. That same
day, there were two electronic withdrawals
from the U.S. Bank business account by YP
Advertising. On February 6, 2015, a check
for over $28,000 payable to the Wisconsin
Department of Revenue cleared the U.S. Bank
business account. By February 9, 2015, the
business account was overdrawn by $16.30,
and none of T.R.'s funds remained in the
account.
¶36 The amended complaint alleged the
following count of misconduct with respect
to Attorney Menard's representation of T.R.:
Count 17: By converting T.R.'s $55,289.57
worker's compensation settlement between
February 4, 2015 and February 9, 2015 to
cover business expenses, including
advertising and a payment to the Wisconsin
Department of Revenue, Attorney Menard
violated SCR 20:8.4(c).
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Count 17: By converting T.R.'s
$55,289.57 worker's compensation settlement
between February 4, 2015 and February 9,
2015 to cover business expenses, including
advertising and a payment to the Wisconsin
Department of Revenue, Attorney Menard
violated SCR 20:8.4(c).
¶37 The next client matter detailed in
the amended complaint arose out of Attorney
Menard's representation of J.S. in a
worker's compensation matter. On December
21, 2015, Attorney Menard deposited or
directed the deposit of a $31,326.31 check
to the U.S. Bank business account. That
amount represented Attorney Menard's fees
and costs in the matter. On December 31,
2015, Attorney Menard deposited or directed
the deposit of a $95,637.56 check payable to
J.S. to the business account. Prior to this
deposit, there was $9,119.39 in the business
account.
¶38 Between December 31, 2015 and
January 6, 2016, over $140,000 in
transactions cleared the U.S. Bank business
account, including payments to the Milwaukee
Athletic Club, Bank of America, Chase, and
GM Financial.
¶39 On January 6, 2016, Attorney Menard
transferred $15,000 of J.S.'s funds from the
U.S. Bank trust account to the U.S. Bank
business account. By the close of business
that day, the business account was overdrawn
and none of J.S.'s funds had been disbursed
to her.
¶40 Between January 7 and February 9,
2016, Attorney Menard transferred $73,000
belonging in part to J.S. from the U.S. Bank
trust account to the U.S. Bank business
account. None of those transfers were used
to pay J.S. The funds were all used for
business and personal purposes.
¶41 The amended complaint alleged the
following count of misconduct with respect
to Attorney Menard's representation of J.S.:
Count 18: By converting J.S.'s $
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Count 18: By converting J.S.'s
$95,637.56 worker's compensation settlement
to cover business expenses, including
advertising, a $35,843.08 payment to ADP
relating to a 401k plan and a $25,500 check
to his new law firm, Attorney Menard
violated SCR 20:8.4(c).
¶42 The next client matter detailed in
the amended complaint involved Attorney
Menard's representation of P.M., who is
Attorney Menard's uncle. P.M. has a winter
home in Florida. In February of 2014, he
was struck by a car while he was mowing his
lawn at his home in Florida and suffered
severe injuries requiring medical and
surgical treatment.
¶43 On April 10, 2014, P.M. hired
Attorney Menard to represent him in a
personal injury action against the driver
who hit him. The parties entered into a
contingent fee agreement which provided that
P.M. agreed to pay Derzon & Menard 33 1/3
percent of whatever total sum was collected,
plus costs and disbursements.
¶44 The driver had $1,000,000 in
liability coverage through State Farm. P.M.
denies that Attorney Menard informed him
about the policy limit. Attorney Menard
said he was concerned about potential
contributory negligence since there were
reports that P.M. had stepped into the road
in front of the car while mowing his lawn.
P.M. had no recollection of the accident and
would not be able to testify to rebut those
reports.
¶45 In June 2014, State Farm offered to
settle the case for $325,000. P.M. agreed
Attorney Menard should attempt to negotiate
a higher settlement and, if there was not a
higher offer, the initial offer would be
accepted. Attorney Menard negotiated a
higher settlement figure of $500,000. P.M.
accepted that settlement amount.
¶46 On July 3, 2014, State Farm issued a
$500,000 check payable to Derzon & Menard
Attorneys at Law Trust Account and mailed it
to Attorney Menard. The check was deposited
in Derzon & Menard's business account at
U.S. Bank on July 8, 2014. Attorney Menard
did not inform P.M. of the receipt of the
funds. He did not disburse any portion of
the settlement payment to P.M. or to any
third party on P.M.'s behalf.
¶47 On July 9, 2014, P.M. signed a
release agreeing to the $500,000 settlement.
Between July 8 and July 28, 2014, Attorney
Menard made numerous disbursements from the
U.S. Bank business account for business and
personal expenses unrelated to his
representation of P.M. By October 17, 2014,
following numerous deposits and
disbursements unrelated to P.M.'s case, the
balance in the U.S. Bank business account
was $131.93. By November 24, 2014, the
balance of the business account was $16.96.
Thus, by November 24, 2014, Attorney Menard
had converted $333,333.33 of P.M.'s
settlement funds.
¶48 From April 2015 through early 2018,
P.M. repeatedly contacted Attorney Menard by
telephone and email inquiring about the
status of his settlement proceeds. Attorney
Menard gave excuses to P.M. as to why he was
not able to disburse the funds.
¶49 P.M.'s own insurance agreed to cover
his medical expenses. P.M.'s insurance
carrier paid out $648,478.14 to medical care
providers on P.M.'s behalf, discharging most
of the medical bills for less than the
original amount billed, which was
$1,993,103.10.
¶50 Attorney Menard did not disburse any
portion of the $500,000 settlement as
payment for any of P.M.'s medical bills.
¶51 In early 2018, P.M. hired Attorneys
Lenz and Meadows as successor counsel. In
July 2018, P.M. sued Attorney Menard, his
former firm, his current firm, and others to
recover the settlement proceeds to which he
was entitled. The case settled following
meditation. The settlement is confidential.
¶52 The amended complaint alleged the
following counts of misconduct with respect
to Attorney Menard's representation of P.M.:
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Count 19: By depositing or
directing the July 8, 2014 deposit of a check
in the amount of $500,000 in personal injury
settlement proceeds for P.M. to his firm's
U.S. Bank Business Account, rather than into
the firm's trust account, Attorney Menard
violated SCR 20:1.15(b)(1).
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Count 20: By failing to disburse
settlement funds to P.M., Attorney Menard
violated former SCR 20:1.15(d)(1) and current
SCR 20:1.15(e)(1).
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Count 21: By converting funds from
P.M.'s State Farm settlement between July 8,
2014 and November 24, 2014, Attorney Menard
violated SCR 20:8.4(c).
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Count 22: By failing to fully and
accurately respond to P.M.'s request for
reports on the status of his settlement funds,
Attorney Menard violated SCR 20:1.4(a)(4).
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Count 23: By failing to provide
P.M. with a full accounting of his
settlement funds upon their final
distribution, Attorney Menard violated
former SCR 20:1.15(d)(2), and current SCR
20:1.15(e)2.
¶53 The amended complaint alleges two
counts of misconduct for commingling funds.
It alleges that between December 2012 and
February 2014, Attorney Menard deposited or
directed the deposit of at least 72 checks
to the Park Bank business account that were
payable to the firm's trust account, to a
specific client, to the firm and a specific
client or a third party. Those deposits
totaled $1,801,858.13.
¶54 Between March 2014 and September
2016, Attorney Menard deposited or directed
the deposit of at least 102 checks to the
U.S. Bank business account that were payable
to the firm's trust account, to a specific
client, to the firm and a specific client or
a third party. Those 103 deposits total
$2,806,497.51.
¶55 Attorney Menard admitted under oath
in an interview conducted by the OLR that
the checks deposited to the Park Bank
business account were more likely than not
all attorney fee checks from worker's
compensation cases. He also admitted under
oath he did not keep track of whose funds
were deposited to the business account and
that he would use funds in that account for
his own purposes.
¶56 The amended complaint alleged the
following counts of misconduct with respect
to Attorney Menard's commingling of funds:
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Count 24: By depositing or
directing the deposit of as many as 72
checks
totaling $1,801,858.13 to the Park Bank
Business Account between December 2012 and
February 2014, which checks were payable to
the firm's trust account, specific clients,
the firm and a specific client, or a third
party, Attorney Menard violated SCR
20:1.15(b)
(1).
Count 25: By depositing or
directing the deposit of as many as 103
checks totaling $2,806,497.51 to the U.S.
Bank Business Account between March 2014 and
September 2016, which checks were payable to
the firm's trust account, to specific
clients, the firm and a specific client, a
third party, or which otherwise constituted
trust property, Attorney Menard violated SCR
20:1.15(b)(1).
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Count 26: By conducting 46
telephone and internet transactions in his
trust accounts at Park Bank and U.S. Bank
between January 1, 2013 and February 16, 2016,
Attorney Menard violated former SCR 20:1.15(e)
(4)b. and c.
¶57 Finally, the amended complaint alleged
additional trust account violations as
follows:
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Count 27: By failing to preserve
transaction registers and client ledgers for
at least six years after the termination of
representation, Attorney Menard violated
former SCR 20:1.15(e)(6).
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Count 28: By failing to produce
transaction registers and client ledgers for
funds received in trust, despite requests by
the OLR on July 5, 2017, July 26, 2017, and
July 31, 2017, Attorney Menard violated SCR
20:1.15(g)(2).
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Count 29: By maintaining trust
account records by computer between at least
December 1, 2012 and December 31, 2015, and
failing to regularly back up those records,
Attorney Menard violated former SCR
20:1.15(f)(4)a.
Count 30: By failing to print a copy of the
transaction register and client ledgers for
the Derzon & Menard Trust Account every 30
days, Attorney Menard violated former SCR
20:1.15(f)(4)b.
¶58 In his report, the referee noted
that a number of witnesses testified at the
hearing and, in the referee's opinion, the
most convincing witness was Mary Hoeft
Smith, the former Trust Account Program
Administrator for the OLR, who is now
retired. Ms. Smith testified that Attorney
Menard was unable to produce the required
trust account records, but he did produce
voluminous business account records. She
testified it was a common practice for him
to move client trust funds into his business
account and then use those funds to pay
"very hefty expenses for things like
advertising, radio, and billboards." She
described this as a practice of "robbing
Peter to pay Paul" and using funds belonging
to one client in order to pay back a client
who was previously the victim of a
conversion by Attorney Menard. She
testified that the matters that were charged
in this case were only the largest of many,
many conversions and in her opinion
"virtually every client whose funds went
into the business account were converted."
¶59 The referee noted that J.L.-M.
testified by telephone from Colorado and the
referee found her to be intelligent, honest,
and straightforward. J.L.-M. testified she
felt a lot of betrayal from Attorney Menard
and that it had been a very harrowing
experience.
¶60 The referee noted that P.M.,
Attorney Menard's 71-year-old uncle, also
testified and although the matter has been
resolved and P.M. has no further claim for
restitution, the entire experience has left
a bad taste in P.M.'s mouth.
¶61 The referee found that Attorney
Menard "gave the impression of not being
entirely trustworthy." The referee said
Attorney Menard felt he was entitled to the
full $500,000 settlement proceeds from his
uncle's settlement and that his uncle was
entitled to nothing. The referee said "this
assertion lacked a rational basis and was a
rather cold-hearted way to treat a family
member. It showed a distinct lack of
remorse on Respondent's part in depriving
his uncle of his settlement proceeds."
¶62 The referee also noted that Attorney
Menard claimed that each of his clients gave
him a power of attorney to do whatever he
wanted with their money and that included
depositing the money into the business
account and using it for whatever purposes
Attorney Menard wanted. The referee said:
Frankly, I found it astonishing that
an attorney would ask clients to sign a
power of attorney allowing him to use their
settlement money for the attorney's business
purposes, and also apparently thought this
practice would absolve him of the Supreme
Court's trust account requirements.
Interestingly, Respondent never produced any
of those powers of attorney as exhibits at
the hearing.
(Emphasis added.)
¶63 The referee said Attorney Menard
acknowledged that he was sloppy and "crappy"
in regards to his accounting practices but
said "a revocation would ruin me and would
ruin everything that I've worked for 30
years."
¶64 The referee said that the evidence
revealed that over at least a six-year
period, Attorney Menard converted over
$1,000,000 in client funds. The referee
said additionally, between December 2012 and
September 2016, Attorney Menard deposited as
many as 175 checks made out to clients, to
his trust account, or to third parties, all
of which should have gone into the trust
account, into his business accounts and
these out-of-trust deposits at two different
banks totaled over $4,000,000.
¶65 After considering a variety of cases
cited by both parties, the referee said this
case was similar to In re Disciplinary
Proceedings Against Weigel, 2012 WI 124,
345 Wis. 2d 7, 823 N.W.2d 798. Attorney
Weigel was charged with ten counts of
misconduct involving failure to maintain
proper trust account records and converting
funds belonging to clients. He claimed the
trust account violations already existed
when the former founding member of his law
firm was bought out by Attorney Weigel and
others. At times, the trust account may
have been out of balance as much as
$1,000,000, but by the time Attorney Weigel
was charged the out of balance amount was
down to $100,000.
¶66 The referee noted that Attorney
Weigel claimed, as Attorney Menard does
here, that the OLR did not present testimony
from a client or third party demonstrating
an actual monetary loss. Therefore, he
argued that the OLR had failed to prove
conversion. The referee noted that this
court disagreed, noting that an attorney
must hold the property of others with the
care required of a professional fiduciary.
This court described Attorney Weigel's
conduct, just as Mary Hoeft Smith did here,
as "robbing Peter to pay Paul," and this
court revoked Attorney Weigel's license to
practice law.
¶67 The referee said that the conduct in
Weigel is almost on all fours with the
conduct involved here and in both cases,
over an extended period of time, client
trust funds were used as slush funds to pay
off other clients, firm expenses, or
whatever was most pressing at the moment.
The referee said that Attorney Menard's
trust accounts, as the Weigel trust
account, were continuously overdrawn or out
of trust. The referee said the amount
converted here, well over $1,000,000, is in
the same order of magnitude as in
Weigel, and likely represents just the
tip of the iceberg. In addition, the
referee noted that over $4,600,000 was out
of trust over a span of four years. The
referee agreed with the OLR that revocation
was the appropriate remedy. He said:
The scope of Respondent's conduct in
playing fast and loose with client money is
simply breathtaking. Proper trust account
records were never kept; money belonging to
clients was commingled with that of other
clients and used to pay vast sums in law
firm and personal expenses; clients were not
paid in a timely basis and often did not get
paid until they complained; one client
(ironically Respondent's uncle) was never
paid at all – under some misguided theory
that the attorney was entitled to the full
proceeds of the settlement – and had to sue
his own nephew for the nonpayment.
This is far-reaching, deplorable and
disreputable conduct. It reflects poorly on
the practice of law in general and has jaded
those clients that Respondent was to have
served. This is clearly not the way lawyers
should conduct themselves. Jeopardizing
over $1,000,000 of client money on an
extended 'rob Peter to pay Paul' scheme is
totally unacceptable. So is failing to keep
over $4,600,000 in trust.
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¶68 In addition to recommending
revocation of Attorney Menard's license, the
referee recommended that Attorney Menard be
ordered to make restitution as follows:
• To C.M. the sum of $459.58
• To B.H. the sum of $5,000.32
• To J.B. the sum of $12,648.44
• To J.L.-M. the sum of $4,346.57
• To P.D. the sum of $1,100
• To J.S. the sum of $74,137.58 (less
any or all of the $5,395.72 amount which
Attorney Menard can demonstrate was paid on
behalf of J.S. for legitimately due and
owing medical expenses).
¶69 Finally, the referee recommended
that Attorney Menard pay the full costs of
the proceeding.
¶70 Attorney Menard has appealed the
referee's recommendation of revocation as
the appropriate sanction. He asserts that
appropriate discipline should be a
suspension between 18 and 24 months.
¶71 Attorney Menard notes that he
testified at the evidentiary hearing that
there were several reasons why he developed
the practice of obtaining client consent to
commingle funds in his business account
rather than depositing them in trust, and
for obtaining durable power of attorney
forms from all clients in order to do so in
the first place. He says he testified that
some of his clients did not have bank
accounts and they asked him to cash checks
and pay portions of the proceeds on demand,
while other clients were afraid that
depositing a large settlement check into
their own accounts might upset their SSDI or
Medicare status. He says still others felt
overwhelmed with the prospect of having to
resolve unpaid medical expenses and liens on
their own out of the settlement proceeds and
Attorney Menard agreed to handle those tasks
on his clients' behalf. He says during the
pertinent timeframe, his law business was
generally good and he never perceived his
accounting practices as "robbing Peter to
pay Paul."
¶72 Attorney Menard says the evidence
showed that none of his clients or former
clients were harmed by his conceded trust
account violations, with the exception of
J.S., who he acknowledges is still owed
$60,000 and who recently filed a claim with
the Wisconsin Lawyers' Fund for Client
Protection. However, he says he "was
willing to pay whenever she requested" and
she had stopped making requests.
¶73 Attorney Menard argues that "his
business practices were uniquely set up in
such a way to create financial flexibility
for the benefit of his clients, and were set
up as such with the expressed consent of his
clients." He says the referee fails to
discuss or simply overlooked the following:
• Attorney Menard has never previously
been the subject of a disciplinary
proceeding.
• Attorney Menard's bookkeeping
practices were previously reviewed by the
OLR in the context of a client complaint and
were found to be satisfactory.
• Mary Hoeft Smith admitted her
investigation was both rushed and
incomplete.
• Each and every client identified had
signed a durable power of attorney and
consent form for their funds to be
commingled.
• With the exception of P.M., which
the matter has been resolved, not a single
client at issue has made a claim for
restitution to date.
¶74 Attorney Menard argues that the OLR
fell short of proving that the alleged
amounts that the referee recommends be paid
as restitution were in fact owed. He
complains that the OLR presented evidence
inferring that, if Attorney Menard could not
produce documentation proving full payment
of settlement proceeds, when it was
abundantly clear that his recordkeeping
practice was sloppy at best, then he must
owe restitution in the presumed, unproven
deficit amount, irrespective of the fact
that no one, except P.M., whose case has
been settled, had made a claim against
Attorney Menard for restitution owed.
Attorney Menard again acknowledges that he
is a poor record keeper, but he says poor
recordkeeping and the absence of
documentation available to confirm full
satisfaction of settlement proceeds owed to
clients is not the same as clear,
satisfactory, and convincing evidence of
nonpayment.
¶75 Attorney Menard complains that the
referee unfairly compared his case to
Weigel, in which the attorney's license
was
revoked. He says:
-
[H]is case is uniquely situated in
that the
evidence showed that his clients were made
fully aware of the commingling at issue. In
most, if not all cases, the evidence showed
that his clients provided consent and/or
signed waivers permitting Menard to hold on
to their settlement proceeds, satisfy
outstanding medical/third-party liens, and
pay out client's shares in lump sum
allocations on an 'as needed' basis.
He also says unlike Weigel, he did keep
records and settlement statements "providing
a detailed picture of each and every client
settlement and accounting of funds
commingled, albeit, sloppy, unorganized
records." Id.
¶76 Attorney Menard argues the fact he
kept all of his clients and former clients
informed about his accounting practices and
the commingling of funds for purposes of
resolving medical bills, negotiating
subrogation liens, and paying clients
structured settlement proceeds should have
been a factor taken into consideration by
the referee but it was not.
¶77 Rather than revocation, as was
ordered in Weigel, Attorney Menard
argues
that his case is more similar to In re
Disciplinary Proceedings Against Voss,
2014
WI 75, 356 Wis. 2d 382, 850 N.W.2d 190. The
complaint in Voss alleged 11 counts of
misconduct arising from Attorney Voss' work
as a court-appointed guardian. Rather than
setting up a guardianship account to handle
his clients' income and expenses, Attorney
Voss used a personal checking account not
subject to interest accrual as a standard
IOLTA account would have been, and he did
not establish a separate fiduciary account
for his clients' assets. In suspending
Attorney Voss' license for 18 months, this
court held that in spite of the fact it was
Attorney Voss' third instance of discipline,
that the conduct went on for a significant
period of time and that the client at issue
was vulnerable, revocation was reserved for
the most egregious cases and Attorney Voss'
conduct, although serious, did not rise to
that level.
¶78 The OLR argues that revocation is
indeed appropriate for Attorney Menard's
admitted 30 counts of misconduct. The OLR
points out that although Attorney Menard
claims he obtained powers of attorney or
some other agreement from his clients
purporting to authorize him to use their
money as he saw fit, no such documents were
ever introduced into evidence. In addition,
the OLR says even if Attorney Menard had
induced his clients to sign such documents,
this would amount to nothing more than an
attempt to circumvent this court's clear cut
ethical rules, and even Attorney Menard
confirmed that his scheme did not change his
underlying ethical obligations or excuse the
underlying misconduct.
¶79 As for Attorney Menard's claim that
one reason he deposited client money into
his business account was to shield clients
from negative consequences in relation to
their government benefits, the OLR says even
if Attorney Menard was holding client funds
to shield them from government discovery, he
fails to explain why he could not have held
that money in his trust account rather than
his business account. In addition, the OLR
says Attorney Menard does not explain why
this alleged motivation required or allowed
him to convert client funds to his own use.
It says "under his theory the clients needed
their money hidden, not spent by their
attorney." In addition, the OLR says this
claimed motivation smacks of fraud. The OLR
asks whether Attorney Menard was hiding
client funds in his bank account so that
government entities would not factor those
sums into his clients' benefit eligibility
determination. If so, it says it was not
his place to assist clients in circumventing
government benefit eligibility standards.
¶80 The OLR says another justification
used by Attorney Menard is the fact that an
alleged former client named Jessup, who he
claims filed a grievance against him,
resulted in an OLR investigation that
ultimately resulted in no discipline. The
OLR says this purported "evidence" provides
no defense whatsoever since there is no
evidence in the record as to the existence
or facts of any Jessup grievance; what
investigation, if any, the OLR did; or what
the OLR advised or did not advise Attorney
Menard regarding the matter. The OLR says
it is barred by this court's rules from even
confirming or denying that any client named
Jessup ever filed a grievance. It notes
that upon its objection at the evidentiary
hearing, the referee confirmed he would not
factor the alleged Jessup grievance into his
decision.
¶81 The OLR says Attorney Menard's
conduct is not analogous to that in the
Voss
case because Attorney Menard repeatedly
conceded he did use client funds for his own
personal or business needs and, unlike
Voss,
the conversions here involved at least 12
clients over the course of many years. In
addition, the OLR notes Attorney Menard's
conversions total over $1,000,000 and his
out of trust deposits exceeded $4,000,000.
¶82 The OLR says the referee
appropriately concluded that this case was
analogous to Weigel. The OLR notes that
Attorney Weigel's license was revoked
despite no finding that his conversions were
to pad his own pocket, whereby in this case
Attorney Menard repeatedly converted funds
not only to pay clients and others in client
matters, he also converted funds to his own
use.
¶83 The OLR also argues that the referee
appropriately ordered restitution in the
amounts set forth above. While Attorney
Menard complains that the OLR's restitution
request shifts the burden of proof on
restitution to him, the OLR says it
repeatedly asked Attorney Menard for
documents to support any payments he made to
or on behalf of clients. It says Mary Hoeft
Smith conducted her analysis based on what
Attorney Menard produced and what she
received from his banks. The OLR says while
Attorney Menard is correct that SCR 22.38
requires the OLR to prove misconduct by
evidence that is clear, satisfactory, and
convincing, he fails to note the impact of
SCR 22.39, which shifts the burden of proof
to a respondent who fails to produce trust
account records to the OLR, or provide an
accounting or fiduciary property to the OLR
by creating a presumption of trust account
misconduct. See SCR 22.39(2). The OLR
says
Attorney Menard did not provide it with
trust account records or accountings, and
Mary Hoeft Smith had to recreate those
records. The OLR says, "Menard did not
provide a scintilla of documentary evidence,
much less evidence that is clear,
satisfactory or convincing to rebut OLR's
restitution proof or any presumption
permitted under SCR 22.39."
¶84 The OLR says Attorney Menard
mischaracterizes Mary Hoeft Smith's
testimony about her investigation by calling
it "rushed and incomplete." The OLR says
she never said any such thing and to the
contrary she testified that the OLR
prioritized promptly presenting the case to
the Preliminary Review Committee with some
clients rather than waiting to conduct an
exhaustive audit of each and every one of
Attorney Menard's clients.
¶85 The OLR concludes by saying that the
testimony at the hearing was clear,
unequivocal, and compelling that Attorney
Menard used his clients' funds as his own
personal slush fund or piggy bank rather
than holding them in trust as required by
Supreme Court Rules. It says his scheme
displayed an utter disregard for the most
fundamental of an attorney's fiduciary
obligations: the duty to hold his clients'
funds in trust. It says his "rob Peter to
pay Paul" pyramid scheme violates a most
basic and important part of the Supreme
Court Rules.
¶86 In his reply brief, Attorney Menard
continues to argue that he tried to create a
flexible and transparent accounting system
for the benefit of his clients and with
their expressed consent. He also argues
that the previous Jessup investigation had
an effect on his perception that his
accounting practices were acceptable and
creates at least an explanation for why
those practices continued to be used. He
says he has learned a painful lesson from
this experience and is not at risk of
repeating it. He asks the court to impose a
suspension between 18 and 24 months.
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¶87 A referee's findings of fact will
not be set aside unless clearly erroneous.
Conclusions of law are reviewed de novo.
See In re Disciplinary Proceedings
Against
Eisenberg, 2004 WI 14, ¶5, 269 Wis. 2d 43,
675 N.W.2d 747. This court is free to
impose whatever discipline it deems
appropriate, regardless of the referee's
recommendation. See In re
Disciplinary
Proceedings Against Widule, 2003 WI 34,
¶44,
261 Wis. 2d 45, 660 N.W.2d 686.
¶88 Attorney Menard stipulated to 30
counts of misconduct. The record clearly
supports the referee's findings of fact,
based on that stipulation, that the OLR met
its burden of proof on all of those counts.
¶89 Turning to the appropriate sanction,
upon careful review of the matter, we agree
with the referee that revocation of Attorney
Menard's license is appropriate. Although
no two disciplinary cases are identical, we
agree with the referee's assessment that
this case is very similar to Weigel.
Here,
as in Weigel, monies belonging to one
client
were routinely used to pay off other clients
as well as firm and personal expenses. As
in Weigel, in virtually every client
matter
he handled, Attorney Menard "robbed Peter to
pay Paul." As we said in Weigel:
[I]t would be difficult to imagine a
more
aggravated pattern of misconduct than the
one presented here. We agree with the OLR
that any sanction less than revocation would
undermine the public's confidence in the
honesty and integrity of the bar. Revocation
. . . is the only sanction proportionate to
the seriousness of the misconduct, and
revocation will also protect the public, the
courts, and the legal system, and it will
deter other lawyers from engaging in similar
misconduct. Weigel, 345 Wis. 2d at
39.
¶90 We also agree with the referee's
recommendations that Attorney Menard should
be assessed the full costs of the proceeding
and that he should be ordered to make
restitution to the clients mentioned above.
¶91 IT IS ORDERED that the license of
Robert C. Menard to practice law in
Wisconsin is revoked, effective the date of
this order.
¶92 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that within 60
days of the date of this order, Robert C.
Menard shall make restitution to the
following clients:
• To C.M. the sum of $459.58
• To B.H. the sum of $5,000.32
• To J.B. the sum of $12,648.44
• To J.L.-M. the sum of $4,346.57
• To P.D. the sum of $1,100
• To J.S. the sum of $74,137.58 (less
any or all of the $5,395.72 amount which
Attorney Menard can demonstrate was paid on
behalf of J.S. for legitimately due and
owing medical expenses).
¶93 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that within 60
days of the date of this order, Robert C.
Menard shall pay to the Office of Law
Regulation the costs of this proceeding,
which are $18,191.42 as of October 25, 2019.
¶94 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the
restitution specified above is to be
completed prior to paying costs to the
Office of Lawyer Regulation.
¶95 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that, to the
extent he has not already done so, Robert C.
Menard shall comply with the provisions of
SCR 22.26 concerning the duties of an
attorney whose license to practice law has
been revoked.
¶96 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the
temporary suspension of Robert C. Menard's
license to practice law, which was issued on
March 20, 2020, is hereby lifted.
¶97 Rebecca Frank Dallet, J., did not
participate.
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